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Alexander Lebed went down in Russian history as a military man and politician, whose activities occurred at a turning point in the life of the country. He participated in operations known throughout the world: Afghan, Transnistrian and Chechen. He didn’t have to stay long as a governor and solve the problems of a peaceful region. The tragic death interrupted the flight of the Swan in its midst.

Childhood and youth

Lebed Alexander Ivanovich began his life’s journey on April 20, 1950 in Novocherkassk. By nationality - Russian. True, his dad, Ivan Andreevich, came from Ukraine. He came to Russia as a member of the family of an exiled kulak. After exile, war and demobilization, he settled in Novocherkassk, where he worked as a “trudovik” at a school. Alexander's mother, Ekaterina Grigorievna, was born a Don Cossack. She worked at the telegraph office.

Having received his school certificate in 1967, Alexander Lebed tried to make his childhood dream come true - to become a conqueror of the skies. Three times he entered the flight schools of Armavir and Volgograd, but was not accepted. The medical commission has time and again rendered a verdict: “sitting height exceeds the norm.”

In between jobs, he worked as a loader and worker at the permanent magnet plant in Novocherkassk (position: grinder).

Military career

In 1969, luck smiled on the stubborn guy. Alexander Lebed was enrolled in the Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School. Upon completion, the young and full of zeal specialist remains to work within the walls of his alma mater, where he commands first a platoon, and then a company.

Of course, Lebed, as a professional military man, could not avoid Afghanistan. From 1981 to 1982, he fought against the “dushmans” as a battalion commander. Returned home after concussion.

The war did not push Alexander Ivanovich off his chosen path. On the contrary, he decides to realize himself even more fully in this field and becomes a student at the Military Academy. Frunze immediately upon returning from Afghanistan. In 1985 he graduated with honors. And the nomadic barracks life began, which Lebed Alexander Ivanovich managed to “eat up” to his fill.

In 1985, he replaced the regiment commander in Ryazan, in 1986 he commanded the Kostroma parachute regiment, until 1988 he served as deputy commander of the Pskov division and until 1991 inclusive he commanded the airborne division in Tula. In this post, A. Lebed had the opportunity to participate in the Azerbaijani and Georgian peacekeeping operations.

In 1990, the efforts and devotion of Alexander Ivanovich were rewarded - he was elevated to the rank of major general.

Swan politician

And troubled times were coming in the USSR. Collapse was approaching. The prominent military figure could not stay away from the turbulent political events. However, he did not forget about his profession, successfully combining one with the other.

In 1990, Alexander Lebed was elected as a delegate to the 28th Congress of the Communist Party and the founding congress of the Communist Party of Russia. And soon he managed to become a member of the Central Committee of the latter.

At the end of the winter of 1991, Lebed replaced the commander of the airborne forces for universities and combat training. Summer brought everyone, including him, a lot of trials.

When the putsch “struck” in August, Alexander Lebed first carried out the commands of the State Emergency Committee. But he quickly reorients himself and turns his weapon towards the rebels. Most likely, if not for his actions, a lot of bloodshed would have been unavoidable.

The next year also turned out to be difficult for Lebed. In June 1992, he arrived on the territory of Tiraspol to stabilize the situation (an armed conflict was in full swing there). And in September 1993 he was even elected to the Supreme Council

In the early summer of 1995, after a conflict with Pavel Grachev over Chechen issues, Alexander Lebed submitted his resignation and was prematurely transferred to the reserve. In the same year, he became the head of the All-Russian movement “Honor and Motherland” and a deputy of the State Duma of the second convocation.

In 1996, he was nominated as a candidate for the post of President of the Russian Federation. And the result of the election race was pleasing - Lebed came third, receiving 14.7 percent of the vote. In the second round, he supported Yeltsin, for which Boris Nikolayevich, having won, thanked him with the position of Secretary of the Security Council and Assistant to the Russian President on National Security Issues.

In this post he participated in ending the military conflict in Chechnya. He was dismissed by Yeltsin's decree in mid-autumn of the same year 1996.

Governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory: a new round in the biography

In May 1998, retired Lieutenant General Alexander Lebed was elected to this position. Citizens remembered him for his numerous loud statements regarding the situation in the region and in the state in general. In particular, he informed the whole world that the organizer of terrorist acts in Russia could well be its government...

Personal life

Alexander Lebed had one marriage, concluded in February 1971. He met his wife Inna Aleksandrovna Chirkova in his early youth - while working as a grinder at a magnet factory in Novocherkassk. The couple gave birth to and raised three children: sons Alexander and Ivan and daughter Ekaterina.

Tragedy: how Alexander Lebed died

The leadership of one of the Siberian regions of Russia was the last mission of this courageous and straightforward man, who devoted most of his life to military affairs. Perhaps his seditious speeches or simply evil fate played a role... But on April 28, 2002, the governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, Alexander Lebed, died.

It so happened that the sky he had dreamed of since childhood ruined him. Together with his subordinates, the governor flew to open the ski slope. Their helicopter crashed over the village of Aradan. According to the official version, he crashed into a power line.

The pilots remained alive and had already served their sentences. And Alexander Lebed, whose death then shocked the whole country, remained only in memories and reminders. Thus, today one of the streets of Novocherkassk bears the name of the general. Another one like this is located in Kuragino. The cadet corps in the regional center and even the top of the Ergaki ridge in the Western Sayan Mountains were named in honor of Lebed.

Alexander Lebed is a Russian military man and politician. The general visited the war in Afghanistan, participated in the events of 1991, personally signed the Khasavyurt agreements, and as governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory he desperately fought against banditry, corruption and drunkenness among residents. Once in his youth he dreamed of becoming a pilot, but it was the sky that destroyed him.

Childhood and youth

Alexander Ivanovich was born into a family of workers in Novocherkassk (Rostov region). My father, a native of Ukraine, spent two years in a camp for being two 5 minutes late to work, and went through the Great Patriotic War. In peacetime, being an excellent car mechanic, painter and carpenter, he taught labor lessons to schoolchildren. Mom worked at the local telegraph office all her life.

At the age of 5, Sasha had a younger brother, Alexey, who in the future also made a career as a military man and politician. Alexander was a sports enthusiast from his youth, was fond of boxing and played chess masterfully. He also dreamed of the sky and was going to become a pilot. After school, he surprised me with his loyalty to his dream - for three years in a row he stubbornly tried to conquer the selection committee of the Armavir Flight School.

However, the young man was rejected every time by the doctors of the educational institution - in a sitting position he exceeded the permissible height standards. Between jobs, he earned money as a loader in a store. And then he became a polytechnic student and worked for a year as a grinder at a factory in his hometown.

Military service

The man has several certificates of education in his collection. The desire to become a pilot resulted in a military career. Lebed sat down at the desk of the Ryazan Airborne School, where he later remained in command of a training platoon and company. He received another diploma, with honors, from the Military Academy. Frunze.

Alexander Ivanovich went through the Afghan war as a battalion commander of paratroopers, where he even received a shell shock. In the 80s, he added to his service record with the ranks of commander and deputy of the parachute regiments of Ryazan, Kostroma and Pskov. And before perestroika, he participated in the suppression of riots against Soviet power that broke out in Azerbaijan and Georgia. In 1990, Lebed rose to the rank of major general.

During the coup d'etat in August 1991, the man was deputy commander of the Airborne Forces and took direct part in historical events - together with the Tula paratroopers, he besieged the building of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR. However, not even a day had passed before Lebed joined his comrades.

Afterwards, Alexander Ivanovich led the liquidation of the armed conflict in Transnistria for three years, trying to preserve the army and weapons for the Russian Ministry of Defense. And in 1995, they put an end to his military career by dismissing the lieutenant general to the reserve. Lebed himself submitted a report, disagreeing with the idea of ​​reorganizing the troops. The paratrooper reserved the right to wear a military uniform and opened the door to big politics.

Policy

A former communist and party member, by the end of 1995 he was already sitting in the chair of a State Duma deputy from the Tula constituency, and a month later he announced his candidacy for the election of the President of the country.

Success accompanied Alexander Ivanovich - according to the results of the first round, he made it to the top three, gaining almost 15% of the votes. But at the second stage, he expressed support for Yeltsin in exchange for the post of Secretary of the Russian Security Council, while receiving “special powers.” The position of Assistant to the President for National Security was added to the position.

In his new role, Alexander Lebed participated in the development of the Khasavyurt agreements - his signature is in the documents regulating relations between the Russian Federation and Chechnya and the cessation of hostilities on Chechen lands. In the fall, a terrible political scandal broke out. The military man, at the instigation of the Minister of Internal Affairs Anatoly Kulikov, was falsely accused of preparing a military coup and was sent into retirement.

In 1998, Lebed's political biography was supplemented by the post of governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. 59% of the population voted in his favor. The elections were held with loud scandals - a lot of violations were discovered on the part of candidates for the position, and even a couple of criminal cases were opened.

The new governor began to lead the region at the beginning of summer and immediately quarreled with the top management of the Norilsk Nickel Plant, which contributed only a third of taxes to the regional budget. The plant actually stood on the lands of the region, but the Norilsk Mining Company was registered in Taimyr, which took the lion's share of taxes. To eliminate injustice, Alexander Ivanovich did not have enough authority.

The regional leader tried to apply radical measures to a number of issues. The general limited the sale of alcohol, announced a delay in salaries for employees of the regional administration until the issue of debts to representatives of the public sector was resolved, and came into conflict with business, convicting entrepreneurs of criminal ties with bandits.

Alexander Lebed had his own view of governing the state and regions. The man believed that the bulk of the region’s income should remain “at home”, economic issues should only be resolved by locals, otherwise it is impossible, because Russia is too big. Lebed mentioned a famous joke:

“Until the signal from the dinosaur’s head reaches the tail, it needs to be turned in the opposite direction, and there is no feedback at all.”

People treated Swan differently. Someone loudly criticized him, accusing him of ignorance of local problems, since the governor’s team consisted mainly of Muscovites. Others valued their contribution to the development of their native land, because during the economic crisis, when neighboring regions were experiencing a terrible decline, the Krasnoyarsk Territory felt good against their background.

Personal life

Alexander Ivanovich met his future wife, a mathematics teacher by training, while he was working as a grinder at a factory. After four years of dating, in 1971, Inna Alexandrovna agreed to marry a young man.

Three children were born into the family. The eldest son Sasha graduated from the Tula Polytechnic University and devoted his life to the field of cybernetics. Daughter Ekaterina is also a graduate of this university and is married to a military man. The youngest son Ivan studied at MSTU. Bauman. The children gave their parents three grandchildren.

Alexander Lebed was known as a supporter of a healthy lifestyle; since 1993, he completely gave up alcoholic beverages. He joked that he was now the only fundamentally sober person in the country. Every day the man went for a run, and in the winter he went skiing. In his free time, he liked to sit in silence with a book, he preferred the classics of Russian literature -, he liked the works of and.

And Alexander Ivanovich himself tried his hand at writing. Two books came from his pen: “It’s a shame for the state” and “The Ideology of Common Sense.”

In November 1996, Lebed visited America and became friends there with. The men kept in touch until the general's death. The actor even came to the Krasnoyarsk Territory to support a friend in the elections.

Death

April 28, 2002 is the date of death of Alexander Lebed. The general was flying to the presentation of a newly built ski slope. A helicopter carrying the governor and members of the administration of the Krasnoyarsk Territory crashed near the village of Aradan, colliding with a power line.

The tragedy was blamed on the inexperienced crew of the Mi-8. However, there was room for other assumptions. One of them is that several grams of explosives were attached to the helicopter rotor blades.

The entire top government, from and ending with the Minister of Defense, expressed condolences to the widow of the deceased general. Alexander Lebed rests in the capital of Russia at the Novodevichy cemetery.

Awards

• Order of the Red Banner
• Order of the Red Star
• Two orders “For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR”
• Order of Suvorov
• Golden double-headed eagle with diamonds (the highest award of the Russian Academy of Arts)

10 years ago, the last flight of the Governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory Alexander Lebed took place. The Governor General crashed in a helicopter on the way to the opening of a new ski slope. Was that disaster accidental?

Rise of the coup in Transnistria

Immediately after his election, the new president of Transnistria, Yevgeny Shevchuk, promised to erect a monument to General Lebed in Bendery. The red ribbon is scheduled to be cut in June.

“This is a significant event for us,” the deputy shared her joy. the head of the city administration, Elena Gorshchenko, - especially in the year of the twentieth anniversary of the tragedy in Bendery.

Two years ago there was even a referendum on whether the general was worthy of a statue. And more than 90% of those who voted answered “yes.” However, former deputy of the Supreme Council Viktor Alksnis is convinced that the love of the republic’s residents for Swan is based more on myths than facts:

– Lebed’s role in resolving that conflict is greatly exaggerated. First of all, to themselves. He became commander only in the summer of 1992. By that time, the situation had stabilized even without him thanks to the heroic resistance of the Pridnestrovians themselves, and Lebed only consolidated someone else’s success. On his orders, artillery struck the positions of the Moldovan troops, and, as they now say, Chisinau was encouraged to peace. The general certainly had some merit in this, but after the ceasefire, Lebed decided to put the leadership of Transnistria under control in order to pacify Tiraspol. He had clear instructions from Yeltsin: Transnistria should be part of Moldova, no independence. The former president of the republic, Smirnov, understandably, did not want this. And Lebed began to prepare a military coup - he persuaded the local chiefs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the KGB to seize power. But they publicly announced Lebed’s proposals, there was a scandal, the plan failed.

After this, Alksnis personally accused the general of betraying the interests of Russia:

– It was February 1993, and I arrived in Tiraspol on a private visit at the invitation of Smirnov. I asked Lebed for a meeting myself. We talked in the lounge room located behind his office. And I openly told him that his position is treason to the country. He immediately jumped up, stood at attention to his full height (and he was not small) and rapped out: “I was, am and will be an officer, faithful to my oath!” But there was a sense of rehearsal in all this, as if he was not speaking from the heart, but performing a performance.

Alexander Lebed generally loved to play to the public, making loud statements and issuing vivid aphorisms. Lebed’s most famous catchphrase was “I fell and did a push-up.” In fact, the phrase was invented for his character in the “Dolls” program on NTV, but the military man liked these words so much that he sometimes actually used them. After all, the general’s whole life, in fact, fit into these two capacious words: all his life he fell, but time after time he did push-ups again.

GRU version: Swan was killed

Fell: in 1995 Lebed was put into reserve. He did push-ups: he immediately became a deputy. Fell: lost the 1996 presidential election in the first round. He did the push-ups: in the second round he supported Yeltsin and, in gratitude, received the post of head of the country's Security Council. Fell: three months later, after the conclusion of the Khasavyurt Peace Treaty with the Chechen separatists, he was dismissed again. He did push-ups: he won the election for governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory.

On April 28, 2002, Lebed fell, but was no longer able to do push-ups. A service helicopter with the Governor General on board crashed in the area of ​​Lake Oyskoye on the Buibinsky Pass. Of the 19 people on board, 7 died. The official version: the helicopter was flying too low and, due to poor visibility, touched power line wires. True, the surviving pilots assured that the altitude was safe and visibility was normal, it was just that the car suddenly began to fall apart in the air.

“When it became known about the death of Alexander Ivanovich, the whole country gasped: “They killed Lebed,” said one of Lebed’s associates, Oleg Zakharov. – I was skeptical about this version then. But then at the Novodevichy cemetery I met former GRU officers. They, on their own initiative, went to the scene of the disaster and came to the unequivocal conclusion: it was a special operation. Several grams of explosives were attached to the propeller blades. The charge was activated from the ground. Under normal conditions, the helicopter is not afraid of such damage - it will simply “fall” into an air pocket of 10–20 m and again gain altitude or land softly. But here there was a collision with a power line - despite the skill of the pilots, who did everything humanly possible, the wire wound around the tail rotor.

The version may be fantastic, but in any case, the “Russian Pinochet,” as Lebed was also called, in the 2000s was already an extra figure in the new political space. Especially after his words: “Short people are the shittiest. Obviously, because their head is closer to their ass than that of normal people.” On the eve of the governor’s death, incriminating evidence about his relationship with Berezovsky was freshened up, inspections by the Prosecutor General’s Office became frequent in the region, and rumors began to circulate about his imminent resignation. Big men in Russian politics have become out of fashion.

Dossier

Alexander Ivanovich Lebed

Born on April 20, 1950 in Novocherkassk into a working-class family, in his youth he himself worked as a loader. I failed three times when entering a flight school due to my height, and as a result I went to the Ryazan Higher Airborne School. In the early 80s he fought in Afghanistan and was shell-shocked.

On August 19, 1991, by order of the Airborne Forces commander Pavel Grachev, at the head of a battalion of Tula paratroopers, he took the building of the Supreme Council under guard. In the summer of 1992, he arrived on a peacekeeping mission in Transnistria, where he led the 14th Combined Arms Army. Three years later, he was relieved of his post and early transferred to the reserve with the rank of lieutenant general.

In 1998, he was elected governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Died on April 28, 2002 in a Mi-8 helicopter crash during a business trip. The Governor General is survived by his wife and three children. He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery. According to rumors, the installation of a bronze monument there was sponsored by oligarch Oleg Deripaska.

Quotes

Fell and did push-ups.

We don't swear - we talk to them.

A democratic general is the same as a Jewish reindeer herder.

A smart man demonstrates his strength, but a fool uses it.

The head cannot hurt – it’s a bone.

When I purposefully walk towards a goal, I look like a flying crowbar.

The one who knows everything needs to be erected a monument, buried up to the waist, and the rest whitewashed.

Over the past decade, the people of our country have been fed so much bullshit that it no longer fits there—it’s slipping off.

If there are no culprits, they are appointed.

Shake any Russian, and you will definitely get five or six years in prison out of him.

The task of the state is not to create heaven, but to prevent hell.

Horses are not changed at the crossing, but donkeys can and should be changed.

He who shoots first laughs last.

The absurd death of the governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, General Alexander Lebed, will be surrounded by a mountain of rumors and speculation in the coming days. There is little reliable information yet, but everything that is known about the circumstances of yesterday’s emergency indicates that it was a tragic accident.

The Mi-8 helicopter, in which Alexander Lebed was flying, took off from Krasnoyarsk Cheremshanka airport at 7.45 am local time. There was only a crew on board, commanded, according to the airport administration, by “one of the most experienced pilots - pilot Akhmerov.” “They went to the village of Sosny, where the residence of our governor is located, there they took him and the rest of the passengers and flew to Ermakovskoye,” an employee of the Cheremshanki transportation department told an NG correspondent: in addition to employees of the regional administration, there were also film crews on board the governor’s helicopter groups of the news program "IKS" of the Krasnoyarsk State Television and Radio Company (KGTR), the seventh television channel and employees of several newspapers in Krasnoyarsk.

In Krasnoyarsk itself, according to our interlocutor, the weather was wonderful: “It was sunny, warm and clear - there were no obstacles to the flight.” Having picked up the governor and his entourage in Sosny, Akhmerov’s helicopter headed towards the village of Ermakovskaya: in its vicinity, not far from the Buibinsky Pass, a ski slope was to be opened that day.

At this time, in the area of ​​the village, according to its residents, sleet and rain were falling and nothing was visible within a radius of 25 meters. As participants in the investigation into the circumstances of the disaster now claim, it was the weather that caused the tragedy. At 10:15 a.m. local time, the governor's helicopter, descending under the snow, touched power line wires with its blades and crashed to the ground on the 604th km of the Krasnoyarsk-Kyzyl highway near Lake Olskoye. Residents of the village of Ermakovskaya, near which the Mi-8 fell, told an NG correspondent that while the helicopter was flying, nothing special happened: “There were no flashes, no pops, no explosion. Everything happened suddenly, for no reason at all.” We didn’t really understand..."

As an NG correspondent was told by the Department of Civil Defense and Emergency Situations of the Republic of Khakassia, as soon as the incident became known (the accident was witnessed by police officers on duty on the highway), an ambulance helicopter was sent to the scene of the accident. It was he who was supposed to deliver Alexander Lebed, who was dying, to the intensive care unit of the Abakan city hospital. Local doctors were already preparing the operating room, but the governor died on the way to Abakan airport. “The injuries received by Alexander Ivanovich as a result of the disaster were incompatible with life,” the rescuers noted.

Immediately after the news of what happened in Krasnoyarsk, a headquarters was created to investigate the causes of the disaster under the leadership of the first deputy governor of the region, Nikolai Ashlapov (it is he who will now, according to the Charter of the region, act as governor) and the chairman of the regional Legislative Assembly, Alexander Uss. At 16.00 local time they held a press conference at which the first results of the investigation into the circumstances of the tragedy were announced.

There were 19 people on board the crashed Mi-8. Yesterday the death of eight of them was confirmed. Governor Alexander Lebed opens the list of disaster victims. In addition to him, among the dead were the governor's press secretary Gennady Klimik, the deputy governor for social issues Nadezhda Kolba, the deputy chairman of the regional sports committee Lev Chernov, the head of the Ermakovsky district administration Vasily Rogovoy, the operator of the IKS program Igor Goreev, the operator of the seventh TV channel Stanislav Smirnov and Journalist of Segodnya Gazeta Konstantin Stepanov. All other passengers, including the chairman of the regional sports committee Gennady Tonachev, KGTR journalist Emma Mamutova and deputy editor-in-chief of the Krasnoyarsky Rabochiy newspaper Elena Lopatina were taken to intensive care in serious condition.

To investigate the circumstances of the death of Alexander Lebed and other participants in the flight, yesterday, by order of the government, a commission was created under the leadership of the Minister of Emergency Situations Sergei Shoigu. Yesterday evening he was supposed to fly to Krasnoyarsk to participate in the work of investigators at the scene of the emergency. In addition, the CIS Interstate Aviation Committee will also investigate the crash: its commission is headed by Valery Chernyaev.

Yesterday Russian President Vladimir Putin, Prime Minister Mikhail Kasyanov, Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov, the United Russia party, as well as many political and military figures from Russia and the CIS countries expressed their condolences to the widow and brother of Alexander Lebed, as well as to the relatives and friends of the victims. As Alexander Lebed's brother Alexey said yesterday, the family of the deceased governor intends to bury him in Moscow. However, it is not yet known when the general’s body will be delivered first to Krasnoyarsk, and then to the capital.

Lebed Alexander Ivanovich, Russian, was born on April 20, 1950 into a working-class family in Novocherkassk. After graduating from school, he worked as a loader and then as a grinder at the Novocherkassk permanent magnet plant. Here he met his future wife Inna Alexandrovna Chirkova.

In 1969, Alexander Lebed entered the Ryazan Higher Airborne Command Twice Red Banner School. After graduating from college in 1973, he served there as commander of a training platoon and company.

In 1981-82, he commanded the first battalion of the 345th separate parachute regiment in Afghanistan.

In 1982 he entered the Military Academy. M.V. Frunze and graduated with honors in 1985.

He was appointed deputy commander of the parachute regiment, then commander of the parachute regiment in Kostroma.

From 1986 to 1988 he was deputy commander of the airborne division in Pskov.

Since 1988 - commander of the Tula Airborne Division, with which he was in Tbilisi and Baku.

In 1990, he was awarded the rank of major general.

Best of the day

In 1990, A. Lebed was elected as a delegate to the XXVIII Congress of the CPSU and the founding congress of the Russian Communist Party. At the last congress he was elected a member of the Central Committee of the RCP.

In February 1991, he was appointed deputy commander of the Airborne Forces for combat training and universities.

In August 1991, he prevented bloodshed during the confrontation near the building of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR in Moscow.

On June 23, 1992, he arrived in Tiraspol to eliminate the armed conflict in the region. He was the last commander of the now liquidated 14th combined arms Russian army in Transnistria.

In June 1995, with the rank of lieutenant general, he was transferred to the reserve by decree of the President of Russia.

On December 17, 1995, he was elected to the State Duma from the Tula electoral district N176.

At the beginning of January 1996, the initiative group nominated Alexander Lebed as a candidate for President of Russia. During the elections, as an independent candidate, he took third place, gaining 14.7% of the Russian vote.

On June 18, 1996, by decree of Russian President Boris Yeltsin, he was appointed Secretary of the Security Council and Assistant to the Russian President for National Security.

On July 15, 1996, B. Yeltsin signed an order appointing Alexander Lebed Chairman of the Commission on Higher Military Positions and Higher Special Ranks of the Presidential Personnel Policy Council.

Occupying the post of Secretary of the Security Council, he stopped the war in Chechnya. On October 15, 1996, he was dismissed by presidential decree.

In 1995, Alexander Lebed headed the All-Russian public movement "Honor and Motherland", and since December 1996 he has been Chairman of the Russian People's Republican Party.