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The characterization of Ruslan from the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila" is important because this character occupies a central place in the work. It is his exploits for the sake of saving the bride that drive the plot, and even numerous digressions and additional lines serve to reveal the main theme. When analyzing the image of a character, it should be remembered that the author was inspired when writing his essay by ancient Russian epics, so his main character is a knight who saves not only his beloved from an evil sorcerer, but also his native city from the attack of nomads.

character image

The characterization of Ruslan from the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila" should begin with a description of his appearance. This knight had beautiful blond hair, which, according to the author, symbolized his spiritual purity and nobility. He wore bright shiny armor like a brave man, always ready for battle.

At the beginning of the work, the author focuses on his love for his bride. At the wedding feast, he is completely absorbed in the thought of her, so he does not pay attention to the envy of his rivals. Pushkin draws the image of the hero in contrast with them: Rogdai is evil and vengeful, Ratmir is cunning and changeable, Farlaf is vile and mean. These qualities brighten the honesty and directness of the protagonist.

Travel

The characterization of Ruslan from the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila" includes an analysis of the character's behavior during his search for his bride, who was stolen by the evil wizard Chernomor.

On the way, he reveals himself to the reader from a new side. So, Finn trusts him with his terrible secret, because he sees in him an honest and decent warrior. The young knight managed to resist the gigantic fantastic head, in front of which no one has been able to remain safe and sound until now. Finally, he was one of all four contenders for the hand of the princess managed to get to the place where she was hidden by the sorcerer.

duels

The characterization of Ruslan from the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila" is important for understanding the whole work as a whole, since it was around his image that the author built all the main storylines. The fight scene with Rogday is especially important. It was in it that the poet skillfully played in contrast, showing the meanness of the main character's opponent, who wanted to stealthily kill him. No less important is the episode with his confrontation with the head. This scene is valuable not only because in it Pushkin showed the firmness, courage and perseverance of his hero, but also his generosity to the defeated enemy. He defeated a terrible enemy, but at the last moment he took pity on him, for which he received a sword that helped him defeat the evil dwarf.

Fight with Chernomor and the final

The characterization of the heroes of the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila" allows us to better understand the author's intention, who in his work imitated Zhukovsky's poems and ancient European chivalric novels. The latter genre assumed as the climax the final duel of the main character with the villain. Pushkin did the same. The battle of the young knight with Chernomor is the most intense moment in the poem. The evil wizard carried Ruslan for several days and nights until he cut off his beard, which contained his strength.

However, the poet did not stop there and, following the traditions of ancient Russian fairy tales, introduced an additional plot device after the main story had come to an end. The cowardly Farlaf overtook the sleeping knight and pierced him in a dream, kidnapped Lyudmila and returned with her to the city, which was already besieged by nomads. However, the knight was saved by his friends; he got rid of his wounds, arrived in the capital and repulsed the enemies, after which he married his bride. So, a brief description of the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila" shows that its plot is very closely related to the works of ancient Russian literature, as well as some historical events.

Year of writing:

1820

Reading time:

Description of the work:

The poem Ruslan and Lyudmila was written in 1820 by Alexander Pushkin. This is his first completed poem, which is also a fairy tale. Pushkin wrote the poem Ruslan and Lyudmila, being inspired by ancient Russian epics.

If we talk about the time of writing the poem Ruslan and Lyudmila, it is worth mentioning that the poet himself considered it to be the beginning of his studies at the Lyceum, but the poem was written, of course, after the end of the Lyceum. It is possible that in the Lyceum Pushkin matured the main idea, but not the text of the work.

Read below a summary of the poem Ruslan and Lyudmila.

Prince Vladimir the sun is feasting in the grid with his sons and a crowd of friends, celebrating the wedding of his youngest daughter Lyudmila with Prince Ruslan. In honor of the newlyweds, the harpist Bayan sings. Only three guests are not happy with the happiness of Ruslan and Lyudmila, three knights do not listen to the prophetic singer. These are Ruslan's three rivals: the knight Rogdai, the braggart Farlaf and the Khazar Khan Ratmir.

The feast is over, and everyone disperses. The prince blesses the young, they are taken to the bedchamber, and the happy bridegroom is already looking forward to love delights. Suddenly there was a thunder, a flash of light, everything grew dark, and in the ensuing silence a strange voice was heard and someone soared and disappeared into the darkness. Ruslan, who has woken up, is looking for Lyudmila, but she is not there, she is "kidnapped by an unknown force."

Struck by the terrible news of the disappearance of his daughter, enraged at Ruslan, the Grand Duke appeals to the young knights with an appeal to go in search of Lyudmila and promises whoever finds and returns his daughter to give her as a wife in reproach to Ruslan, and in addition - half the kingdom. Rogdai, Ratmir, Farlaf and Ruslan himself instantly volunteer to go looking for Lyudmila and saddle their horses, promising the prince not to prolong the separation. They leave the palace and gallop along the banks of the Dnieper, and the old prince looks after them for a long time and in his mind flies after them.

Knights ride together. Ruslan languishes with longing, Farlaf boasts of his future exploits in the name of Lyudmila, Ratmir dreams of her embrace, Rogdai is gloomy and silent. The day is drawing to a close, the horsemen drive up to the crossroads and decide to leave, each trusting his fate. Ruslan, devoted to gloomy thoughts, rides at a pace and suddenly sees a cave in front of him, in which a fire glows. The knight enters the cave and sees in it an old man with a gray beard and clear eyes, reading an ancient book in front of a lamp. The elder addresses Ruslan with a greeting and says that he has been waiting for him for a long time. He calms the young man, informing him that he will be able to regain Lyudmila, who was kidnapped by the terrible wizard Chernomor, an old thief of beauties living in the northern mountains, where no one has yet been able to penetrate. But Ruslan is destined to find the home of Chernomor and defeat him in battle. The elder says that the future of Ruslan is in his own will. Delighted, Ruslan falls at the old man’s feet and kisses his hand, but suddenly a torment appears again on his face. The wise old man understands the cause of the young man’s sadness and reassures him, saying that Chernomor is a powerful wizard, able to bring the stars from the sky, but powerless in the fight against inexorable time, and therefore his senile love is not terrible for Lyudmila. The elder persuades Ruslan to go to bed, but Ruslan languishes in anguish and is unable to fall asleep. He asks the elder to tell him who he is and how he got to this land. And the old man with a sad smile tells his wondrous story.

Born in the Finnish valleys, he was a peaceful and carefree shepherd in his homeland, but to his misfortune he fell in love with the beautiful, but hard-hearted and obstinate Naina. For six months he languished in love and finally opened up to Naina. But the proud beauty replied indifferently that she did not love the shepherd. Feeling disgusted with his usual life and occupations, the young man decided to leave his native fields and set off with a faithful squad on a brave voyage in search of battles in order to earn the love of proud Naina with swearing fame. He spent ten years in battles, but his heart, full of love for Naina, yearned to return. And so he returned to throw rich trophies at the feet of the arrogant beauty in the hope of her love, but again the indifferent maiden refused the hero. But this test did not stop the lover. He decided to try his luck with the help of magical powers, having learned powerful wisdom from the sorcerers living in his area, whose will everything is subject to. Having decided to attract Naina's love with the help of witchcraft, he spent imperceptible years studying with sorcerers and finally comprehended the terrible secret of nature, learned the secret of spells. But evil fate pursued him. Called by his sorcery, Naina appeared before him as a decrepit old woman, hunchbacked, gray-haired, with a shaking head. The horrified sorcerer learns from her that forty years have passed and today she turned seventy. To his horror, the sorcerer was convinced that his spells had worked and Naina loved him. With trepidation, he listened to the love confessions of a gray-haired, ugly old woman, and to top it off, he learned that she had become a sorceress. The shocked Finn ran away, and after him the curses of the old witch were heard, reproaching him for being unfaithful to his feelings.

Having fled from Naina, the Finn settled in this cave and lives in complete seclusion. Finn predicts that Naina will also hate Ruslan, but he will be able to overcome this obstacle.

All night Ruslan listened to the stories of the elder, and in the morning, with a soul full of hope, gratefully hugging him goodbye and parting with the blessing of the wizard, he sets off in search of Lyudmila.

Meanwhile, Rogdai rides "between the forest deserts." He cherishes a terrible thought - to kill Ruslan and thereby free his way to Lyudmila's heart. He decisively turns his horse and gallops back.

Farlaf, having slept all morning, dined in the silence of the forest by the stream. Suddenly he noticed that a rider was rushing straight at him at full speed. Throwing away lunch, weapons, chain mail, the cowardly Farlaf jumps on his horse and flees without looking back. The rider rushes after him and urges him to stop, threatening to "rip off" his head. Farlaf's horse jumps over the moat, and Farlaf himself falls into the mud. Rogdai, who has flown up, is already ready to defeat the opponent, but he sees that this is not Ruslan, and in annoyance and anger he rides away.

Under the mountain, he meets a barely alive old woman, who points to the north with her stick and says that she will find the knight of her enemy there. Rogdai leaves, and the old woman approaches Farlaf, who is lying in the mud and shaking with fear, and advises him to return home, not to endanger himself anymore, because Lyudmila will be his anyway. Having said this, the old woman disappeared, and Farlaf follows her advice.

Meanwhile, Ruslan seeks his beloved, wondering about her fate. One evening, sometimes, he rode over the river and heard the buzz of an arrow, the ringing of chain mail and the neighing of a horse. Someone shouted at him to stop. Looking back, Ruslan saw a rider rushing towards him with a raised spear. Ruslan recognized him and shuddered with anger...

At the same time, Lyudmila, carried away from her wedding bed by the gloomy Chernomor, woke up in the morning, enveloped in vague horror. She lay in a luxurious bed under a canopy, everything was like in the fairy tales of Shehe-rezada. Beautiful maidens in light clothes approached her and bowed. One skillfully braided her braid and adorned her with a pearl crown, the other put on her an azure sundress and shod her, the third gave her a pearl belt. The invisible singer sang merry songs all this time. But all this did not amuse Lyudmila's soul. Left alone, Lyudmila goes to the window and sees only snowy plains and the tops of gloomy mountains, everything is empty and dead all around, only a whirlwind rushes with a dull whistle, shaking the forest visible on the horizon. In desperation, Lyudmila runs to the door, which automatically opens in front of her, and Lyudmila goes out into an amazing garden in which palm trees, laurel, cedars, oranges grow, reflected in the mirror of the lakes. Spring fragrance is all around and the voice of the Chinese nightingale is heard. Fountains beat in the garden and there are beautiful statues that seem to be alive. But Lyudmila is sad, and nothing amuses her. She sits down on the grass, and suddenly a tent unfolds over her, and before her is a sumptuous dinner. Beautiful music delights her ears. Intending to reject the treat, Lyudmila began to eat. As soon as she got up, the tent disappeared by itself, and Lyudmila again found herself alone and wandered in the garden until evening. Lyudmila feels that she is falling asleep, and suddenly an unknown force lifts her up and gently carries her through the air to her bed. The three maidens appeared again and, having put Lyudmila to bed, disappeared. In fear, Lyudmila lies in bed and waits for something terrible. Suddenly there was a noise, the hall was lit up, and Lyudmila sees how a long row of araps bears a gray beard on pillows in pairs, behind which a hunchbacked dwarf with a shaved head, covered with a high cap, stalks importantly. Lyudmila jumps up, grabs him by the cap, the dwarf gets frightened, falls, gets tangled in his beard, and to the squeal of Lyudmila the Arabs carry him away, leaving his hat behind.

Meanwhile, Ruslan, overtaken by the knight, fights with him in a fierce battle. He tears the enemy from the saddle, lifts him up and throws him from the shore into the waves. This hero was none other than Rogdai, who found his death in the waters of the Dnieper.

A cold morning shines on the tops of the northern mountains. Chernomor lies in bed, and the slaves comb his beard and oil his mustache. Suddenly, a winged serpent flies through the window and turns into Naina. She welcomes Chernomor and informs him of the impending danger. Chernomor replies to Naina that he is not afraid of the knight as long as his beard is intact. Naina, turning into a snake, flies away again, and Chernomor again goes to Lyudmila's chambers, but cannot find her either in the palace or in the garden. Lyudmila is gone. Chernomor in anger sends slaves in search of the disappeared princess, threatening them with terrible punishments. Lyudmila did not run away anywhere, she just accidentally discovered the secret of the Black Sea invisibility cap and took advantage of its magical properties.

But what about Ruslan? Having defeated Rogdai, he went further and ended up on the battlefield with armor and weapons scattered around, and the bones of warriors turning yellow. Sadly, Ruslan looks around the battlefield and finds among the abandoned weapons for himself armor, a steel spear, but cannot find a sword. Ruslan is driving through the night steppe and notices a huge hill in the distance. Riding closer, in the light of the moon, he sees that this is not a hill, but a living head in a heroic helmet with feathers that shudder from her snoring. Ruslan tickled the nostrils of his head with a spear, she sneezed and woke up. The angry head threatens Ruslan, but, seeing that the knight is not frightened, he becomes angry and begins to blow on him with all his might. Unable to resist this whirlwind, Ruslan's horse flies far into the field, and his head laughs over the knight. Enraged by her ridicule, Ruslan throws a spear and pierces his tongue with his head. Taking advantage of the confusion of his head, Ruslan rushes to her and beats her on the cheek with a heavy mitten. The head shook, turned over and rolled. In the place where she stood, Ruslan sees a sword that fits him. He intends to cut off the head's nose and ears with this sword, but he hears her groan and spares. The prostrate head tells Ruslan his story. Once she was a brave giant knight, but to her misfortune she had a younger dwarf brother, the evil Chernomor, who envied her older brother. One day, Chernomor revealed the secret he found in the black books, that behind the eastern mountains in the basement there is a sword that is dangerous for both brothers. Chernomor persuaded his brother to go in search of this sword and, when he was found, he fraudulently took possession of it and cut off his brother's head, transferred it to this desert region and doomed it to guard the sword forever. The head offers Ruslan to take the sword and take revenge on the insidious Chernomor.

Khan Ratmir went south in search of Lyudmila and on the way he sees a castle on a rock, along the wall of which a singing maiden walks in the moonlight. With her song, she beckons the knight, he drives up, under the wall he is met by a crowd of red girls who give the knight a luxurious reception.

And Ruslan spends this night near his head, and in the morning he goes on further searches. Autumn passes, and winter comes, but Ruslan stubbornly moves north, overcoming all obstacles.

Lyudmila, hidden from the eyes of the sorcerer with a magic hat, walks alone through the beautiful gardens and teases the servants of Chernomor. But the insidious Chernomor, having taken the form of a wounded Ruslan, lures Lyudmila into the net. He is already ready to pick the fruit of love, but the sound of a horn is heard, and someone is calling him. Having put on an invisibility cap on Lyudmila, Chernomor flies towards the call.

Ruslan called the sorcerer to fight, he is waiting for him. But the insidious wizard, having become invisible, beats the knight on the helmet. Having contrived, Ruslan grabs Chernomor by the beard, and the wizard takes off with him under the clouds. For two days he carried the knight through the air and finally asked for mercy and carried Ruslan to Lyudmila. On the ground, Ruslan cuts off his beard with a sword and ties it to his helmet. But, having entered the possession of Chernomor, he does not see Lyudmila anywhere and, in anger, begins to destroy everything around with his sword. With an accidental blow, he knocks off the invisibility cap from Lyudmila's head and finds a bride. But Lyudmila sleeps soundly. At this moment, Ruslan hears the voice of the Finn, who advises him to go to Kyiv, where Lyudmila will wake up. Arriving on the way back to the head, Ruslan pleases her with a message about the victory over Chernomor.

On the bank of the river, Ruslan sees a poor fisherman and his beautiful young wife. He is surprised to recognize Ratmir in the fisherman. Ratmir says that he found his happiness and left the vain world. He says goodbye to Ruslan and wishes him happiness and love.

Meanwhile, Naina appears to Farlaf, who is waiting in the wings, and teaches how to destroy Ruslan. Creeping up to the sleeping Ruslan, Farlaf plunges his sword into his chest three times and hides with Lyudmila.

The murdered Ruslan lies in the field, and Farlaf with the sleeping Lyudmila strives for Kyiv. He enters the tower with Lyudmila in his arms, but Lyudmila does not wake up, and all attempts to wake her up are fruitless. And then a new misfortune falls on Kyiv: it is surrounded by the rebellious Pechenegs.

While Farlaf is going to Kyiv, the Finn comes to Ruslan with living and dead water. Having resurrected the knight, he tells him what happened and gives him a magic ring that will remove the spell from Lyudmila. Encouraged Ruslan rushes to Kyiv.

Meanwhile, the Pechenegs besiege the city, and at dawn a battle begins, which does not bring victory to anyone. And the next morning, among the hordes of Pechenegs, a rider in shining armor suddenly appears. He strikes right and left and puts the Pechenegs to flight. It was Ruslan. Having entered Kyiv, he goes to the tower, where Vladimir and Farlaf were near Lyudmila. Seeing Ruslan, Farlaf falls to his knees, and Ruslan strives for Lyudmila and, touching her face with a ring, awakens her. Happy Vladimir, Lyudmila and Ruslan forgive Farlaf, who confessed everything, and Chernomor, deprived of magical powers, is accepted into the palace.

You have read the summary of the poem Ruslan and Lyudmila. We invite you to visit the Summary section for other essays by popular writers.

Describes how the Kyiv prince Vladimir-Solntse gave out his daughter Lyudmila to the glorious hero Ruslan. But when the young people went to rest after the wedding feast, a strange spell was heard in the darkness, and Ruslan saw how a certain sorcerer flies into the air, taking his wife with him.

The saddened Prince Vladimir the next morning promised to give Lyudmila as a wife to anyone who puts her on and saves her. Not only Ruslan went in search of the kidnapped, but also three of his former rivals for her hand - the violent warrior Rogdai, the boastful reveler Farlaf and the young Khazar Khan Ratmir.

Each of them went his own way. Ruslan soon saw a cave on the way where the wise wizard Finn was sitting. He revealed to the knight that Lyudmila had been kidnapped by the evil magician Chernomor. Finn told Ruslan the story of his love for the beautiful girl Naina. In his youth, Finn could not attract her even with the glory of feats of arms and rich gifts. In sorrow, he hid in the woods to study magic. Tempted in her forty years later, Finn again found Naina, but now instead of a young beauty he saw a decrepit and ugly old woman. Terrified, Finn abandoned her, and the annoyed Naina, who herself had become a sorceress by that time, vowed to take revenge on him and all his friends.

Illustration for song 1

Canto 2 - Summary

The envious Rogdai seethed with such hatred for Ruslan that he decided to return from the path, catch up and kill him. But confusing his victim from afar, he mistakenly ran into Farlaf. Farlaf remained unharmed, but came from this attack in such fear that he easily accepted the advice of Naina, who appeared to him: not to look for Lyudmila anymore, but to return home.

Rogdai nevertheless caught up with Ruslan, but in a fierce battle with him he was defeated. Ruslan threw Rogdai into the Dnieper, where he became the husband of a river mermaid.

The kidnapped Lyudmila woke up in the morning alone on a luxurious bed in the Chernomor castle. Going out for a walk in a magnificent garden full of fragrant plants, beautiful statues and waterfalls, she thought of suicide with anguish. In the evening, magical power carried her through the air back to the bedroom. Chernomor soon came to her there - a clean-shaven, humpbacked dwarf with a long beard, which was carried in front of him on pillows by many servants-Araps. Frightened, Lyudmila jumped up and with a screech knocked the cap off the sorcerer. The confused Chernomor ran away, tangled in his beard. Behind him retreated and his slaves.

Canto 3 - Summary

Naina, who flew to Chernomor in the guise of a winged serpent, made an alliance with him against Ruslan and Finn. Meanwhile, Lyudmila, trying on a cap knocked down yesterday from Chernomor in front of the mirror, suddenly noticed that if you put it on backwards, it hides the one who wears it like an invisibility cap from the eyes.

Ruslan, continuing his journey, reached the field of the old battle and, among the dead bones scattered here, found himself new armor instead of those that he had broken in the battle with Rogdai. Then he saw a huge human head lying in the middle of the steppe. She turned out to be alive and began to blow on Ruslan. The terrible whirlwind of the Head's breath first carried the knight into the field, but he still managed to jump up to the monster and hit him with a heavy military gauntlet. The head rolled to the side, and Ruslan saw a sparkling sword under it.

Having tuned in more peacefully, the Head told Ruslan the story of her life. Once it belonged to the glorious hero-hero. He also had a younger brother - the ugly sorcerer Chernomor, whose magical power was in a long beard. Chernomor captivated the brother-hero to look for a wonderful sword, which, according to the stories of magic books, was supposed to cut off one of their heads and another beard. Thanks to the strength and courage of their older brother, they found the sword. But Chernomor treacherously cut off their brother's head, saved her life and forced her to guard the cherished sword in the middle of a distant field.

Canto 4 - Summary

Ratmir, in search of Lyudmila, reached the castle on the rocks - the abode of beautiful maidens, who affectionately met the young warrior and gave him their love. Ruslan tirelessly continued to look for his betrothed.

Lyudmila, with the help of a cap of invisibility, hid from Chernomor for a long time in his gardens, but the evil sorcerer deceived her with cunning. He took the form of a wounded Ruslan, appeared in the middle of the garden and began to call Lyudmila for help. Throwing off her hat, she hurried to meet her, but instead of Ruslan she saw her kidnapper. So that Lyudmila would not slip away from him again, Chernomor plunged her into a sound sleep. But just at that time, the sound of Ruslan's battle horn was heard nearby.

Canto 5 - Summary

Ruslan entered the battle with Chernomor. He attacked him with a mace, flying through the air, but Ruslan grabbed the sorcerer by his magical beard. Chernomor soared under the clouds. Ruslan, not letting go of his beard, flew with him until the sorcerer was exhausted. Under the threat of losing his beard, Chernomor transferred Ruslan to Lyudmila.

With the sleeping bride in his arms and with Chernomor tucked into the knapsack behind the saddle, Ruslan set off on the return journey. His road again led through the same battlefield, where the already dying Head, before her death, expressed her last words of reproach to Chernomor. Then Ruslan met Ratmir, who calmed his heart in love with a beautiful fisherwoman, settled with her in an obscure wilderness and left thoughts of Lyudmila.

Illustration for song 5

The evil Naina decided to kill Ruslan with the hands of Farlaf. Appearing at the house of this cowardly braggart, she led him after her to the place where the tired Ruslan fell into a deep sleep. Farlaf plunged a sharp sword into Ruslan's chest three times and, leaving him to die, took Lyudmila, who had never awakened, with him.

Canto 6 - Summary

Arriving with Lyudmila to Prince Vladimir, Farlaf swore that he had snatched her from the hands of a terrible goblin in the Murom forests at the risk of his life. However, no one in Kyiv knew how to wake up the sleeping beauty, and then another misfortune happened - the city was besieged by hordes of Pechenegs.

Meanwhile, old Finn, through magic, learned about the sad fate of his young friend and came to his aid. Finn was transferred to the combustible steppes and got two jugs from the miraculous springs flowing there - with living and dead water. With this moisture, the magician healed Ruslan's wounds and revived him.

The squads of Prince Vladimir could not drive the Pechenegs away from Kyiv. But one morning, the townspeople saw from the walls how some hero burst into the enemy camp and began to cut down the steppe dwellers in crowds. The barbarians fled in shame, and the people of Kiev recognized Ruslan in the unknown knight. He rode on a horse to the city and woke Ludmila by touching her with a magic ring received from Finn. The triumphant prince Vladimir played a new wedding of his daughter with Ruslan, who generously forgave his enemies - Farlaf and Chernomor.

"Ruslan and Ludmila". A knight who embodies the ideal qualities of a valiant husband - physical strength, spiritual nobility, the prowess of a warrior.

History of creation

Pushkin wrote the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila" after graduating from the Lyceum, this is his first completed poem. The author worked on this work mainly during forced inactivity due to illness, and the rest of the time he led a "most scattered" life in St. Petersburg.

In this text, chivalrous poems that Pushkin knew in French translation, satirical poems and images inspired by ancient Russian epics and fairy tales, as well as literary tales of Russian authors, among which works have already been created on the “heroic” theme, and Kheraskov.

The names of Ruslan's competitors and the details of their biographies were taken by Pushkin from the History of the Russian State. The poem also contains a parody of a romantic ballad called "The Twelve Sleeping Maidens". In Pushkin, lofty images are reduced and diluted with frivolous jokes, grotesque and colloquial expressions, the characters of the characters are masterfully written out. The poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila" is included in the school curriculum and is studied in the fifth grade.

The Moscow Theater-Workshop named after staged a play based on the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila". The premiere took place in 2014. And by the new year 2018, she staged a musical on ice based on this work, which ran from December 23, 2017 to January 7, 2018 at the Megasport Palace of Sports in Moscow.

Heroes also appeared on TV screens. In 1972, a two-part film based on Pushkin's poem was released. The roles of Ruslan and Lyudmila are played by actors Valery Kozinets and Natalia Petrova.

Plot and biography

Prince Ruslan marries Lyudmila, the youngest daughter. There is a feast, next to the newlyweds - the princely sons and a crowd of friends, the prophetic Bayan sings and plays the harp in honor of the young couple. There are three men at the feast who do not rejoice with the rest. These are Ruslan's rivals - the boastful Farlaf, the Khazar Khan named Ratmir and a certain knight Rogdai.

The feast is coming to an end, the guests are leaving. Prince Vladimir blesses the bride and groom, and they go to the bedroom. However, Ruslan's love dreams are not destined to come true - the light suddenly fades, thunder rumbles, a mysterious voice is heard, something rises and disappears into the darkness. When Ruslan comes to his senses, it turns out that Lyudmila is no longer next to the hero - the girl has been kidnapped by an "unknown force".

Prince Vladimir is amazed by this incident and is angry with the young son-in-law, who allowed his youngest daughter to be kidnapped like this straight from the bedchamber and could not protect the girl. The angry prince calls on the young knights to go in search of Lyudmila and promises the girl as a wife to the one who finds her, and together with the girl also half the kingdom. Not only Ruslan, who wants to return his young wife, is sent on a search, but also a trio of competitors - Ratmir, Rogdai and Farlaf. Knights saddle horses and gallop away from the princely chambers along the banks of the Dnieper.

The heroes are traveling together. Ruslan yearns, others - who boast in advance of the feats that they will accomplish, who soars in erotic dreams, and who maintains a gloomy silence. By evening, the heroes drive up to the crossroads and each sets off on his own path. Ruslan rides alone and leaves for a cave, inside of which a fire is burning. In the cave, the hero finds a gray-bearded old man who is reading a book in front of a lamp.

The old man declares that he has been waiting for a hero for a long time. It turns out that the "unknown force" that dragged the girl away is an evil sorcerer, a well-known thief of beauties. This villain lives in the impregnable northern mountains, where no one has yet reached, but Ruslan will certainly overcome obstacles and defeat Chernomor in battle.

From such news, Ruslan cheers up, and the old man leaves the hero to sleep in a cave, and at the same time tells him his own story. The old man comes from Finland, where he worked as a shepherd and led a carefree life, until one day he fell in love with the evil beauty Naina. She did not reciprocate the young shepherd, and the young man abandoned his peaceful pursuits and became a warrior.

He spent ten years in battles and sea campaigns, but the girl again rejected his claims and gifts obtained in battles. Then the hero decided to try to go from the other side and began to learn witchcraft in order to bewitch the beauty. He managed to summon Naina with the help of witchcraft, but she appeared before him in the repulsive image of an old hag.

The hero learned that while he was learning to conjure, forty years had passed unnoticed, and his passion had grown old. Now Naina is 70 years old. And, worst of all, the spells worked - the old woman loves the hero. It turned out at the same time that the passion itself during this time became an evil sorceress. Seeing and hearing all this, the hero ran away in horror, forgetting his own love interest. And having escaped, he settled in this cave and now lives as a hermit.

In the morning Ruslan sets off in search of Lyudmila. In the meantime, the hero Rogdai is on the trail of the hero, who wants to kill the hero and thus remove the obstacle that stands between him and Lyudmila. Having identified himself, Rogdai almost kills the braggart Farlaf, who flees from him in fear. The character of Rogdai, therefore, can be called treacherous - the character is cruel and angry, does not hesitate to act meanly.

Leaving behind the frightened Farlaf, Rogdai goes further and meets a certain old woman. She tells the hero where he should go to find the enemy, and when Rogdai disappears from sight, the old woman approaches the coward-Farlaf, who is lying in the mud, and tells him to go straight home, because Lyudmila, they say, will belong to him anyway, it makes no sense continue risking yourself. And the cowardly hero does as the old woman says. Rogdai, meanwhile, catches up with Ruslan and attacks him from behind. In the fight, Rogdai dies - Ruslan pulls the scoundrel out of the saddle and throws him into the waters of the Dnieper, where he drowns.

Lyudmila, meanwhile, comes to her senses in the chambers of Chernomor, furnished in the manner of the palace from One Thousand and One Nights. The heroine lies under a canopy, beautiful girls look after her - they braid her braids, dress her, decorate with a pearl belt and a crown. Someone invisible at the same time sings songs that are pleasant to the ear. Outside the window of the room, Lyudmila sees mountain peaks, snow and a gloomy forest.

Inside the Black Sea chambers there is a garden with exotic trees and lakes, nightingales sing, fountains beat. Above Lyudmila, a tent unfolds by itself, luxurious dishes appear in front of the heroine, music sounds. When the heroine gets up after the meal, the tent disappears, and when in the evening Lyudmila begins to fall asleep, invisible hands pick her up and carry her to bed.

The girl, meanwhile, is not happy about anything and is waiting for a dirty trick. Suddenly, uninvited guests invade the heroine's bedchamber - a shaven-headed dwarf, whose long gray beard is carried on pillows by araps. Lyudmila attacks the dwarf, who gets frightened, gets tangled in his beard and moves away to the squeal of the heroine. Here the reader sees the character of Lyudmila - this young maiden is determined to defend her honor and freedom and, not buying into ostentatious luxury, remains faithful to her lover.

Later, Lyudmila finds the invisibility cap of Chernomor and hides from the sorcerer under it, and in the meantime, the evil sorceress Naina flies to Chernomor in the guise of a winged snake and informs him of the approach of Ruslan. Chernomor, on the other hand, believes that nothing threatens him as long as his beard is intact.

Ruslan, meanwhile, finds himself on a field littered with human bones and armor, where a battle once took place. Among the abandoned weapons, the hero finds a steel spear. At night, the hero drives up to a huge living head in a helmet, which at first he takes for a hill. After a short skirmish, the hero turns his head, and a sword is revealed under it.

The head tells the hero where it came from, and it turns out that earlier it rested on the shoulders of the giant knight. He had an evil and envious younger dwarf brother - Chernomor. This brother persuaded the giant to go in search of a sword that could kill any of the two of them, and when the sword was discovered, Chernomor cut off his older brother's head. Since then, the head has been placed here to guard the sword. However, the head gives the magic weapon to Ruslan and calls on the hero to take revenge.

Meanwhile, Khan Ratmir, who went to look for Lyudmila along with the other three knights, is lured by some beautiful girls to a castle on a rock. Ruslan continues to go north, towards the mountains. Lyudmila continues to hide under the invisibility cap, walking around the palace of Chernomor in this form and mocking the servants of the evil sorcerer. The cunning dwarf attracts the attention of the girl, pretending to be a wounded Ruslan, but at that moment the sound of a battle horn reaches him and Chernomor goes to see what is happening there.

A fight with Ruslan begins, during which the wizard becomes invisible. The hero grabs the sorcerer by the beard, and they rush under the sky for two days, until Chernomor begins to ask for mercy. Ruslan demands to take him to Lyudmila, and on the ground he cuts off the villain's beard and ties it to his own helmet.

The beloved discovered by Ruslan is sleeping soundly, and the hero goes with her to Kyiv, where Lyudmila must wake up. On the way, Ruslan meets a poor fisherman, whom he recognizes as Khan Ratmir. He found happiness with his young wife and no longer dreams of Lyudmila.

Meanwhile, the witch Naina teaches the cowardly Farlaf how to defeat Ruslan. The scoundrel stabs Ruslan to sleep and takes Ludmila to Kyiv. The girl, meanwhile, does not regain consciousness, even when she is in her own chamber. It is impossible to wake the heroine, and meanwhile the city is surrounded by the rebellious Pechenegs.

Ruslana is revived by an old Finn and gives the hero a magic ring that should awaken Lyudmila. The hero breaks into the ranks of the Pechenegs and strikes left and right, putting the enemy to flight. Then Ruslan enters Kyiv, finds Lyudmila in the tower and touches her with a ring. The girl wakes up, Prince Vladimir and Ruslan forgive the coward Farlaf, and Chernomor, who, along with his beard, has lost his magical powers, is taken to the palace.

Quotes

“I still have my faithful sword,
The head has not yet fallen off the shoulders.

“I heard the truth, it happened:
Though the forehead is wide, but the brain is small!

And a girl at seventeen
What hat does not stick!

“Every day I wake up from sleep,
I heartily thank God
Because in our time
There aren't many wizards."

"Ruslan and Ludmila"- the first completed poem by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin; a fairy tale inspired by ancient Russian epics.

History of creation

The poem was written in - after leaving the Lyceum; Pushkin sometimes pointed out that he began to write a poem while still at the Lyceum, but, apparently, only the most general ideas belong to this time, hardly the text. Leading a "most distracted" life after leaving the Lyceum in St. Petersburg, Pushkin worked on the poem mainly during illness.

Pushkin set the task of creating a "heroic" fairy tale poem in the spirit of Ariosto's "Furious Roland" known to him from French translations (critics called this genre "romantic", which should not be confused with romanticism in the modern sense). He was also inspired by Voltaire (“The Virgin of Orleans”, “What the Ladies Like”) and Russian literary tales (such as the lubok story about Yeruslan Lazarevich, “Bakhariyana” by Kheraskov, “Ilya Muromets” by Karamzin, or especially “

1. REDIRECT Popovich" by Nikolai Radishchev). The immediate impetus for starting work on the poem was the release in February 1818 of the first volumes of Karamzin’s History of the Russian State, from which many of the details and names of all three of Ruslan’s rivals (Ragdai, Ratmir and Farlaf) were borrowed.

The poem is written in astrophic iambic tetrameter, which, beginning with "Ruslan", became the dominant form of the romantic poem.

The poem contains elements of parody in relation to Zhukovsky's ballad "". Pushkin consistently ironically reduces the sublime images of Zhukovsky, saturates the plot with humorous erotic elements, grotesque fantasy (episode with the Head), uses "folk" vocabulary ("strangle", "sneeze"). Pushkin's "parody" of Zhukovsky initially does not have a negative connotation and is rather friendly; it is known that Zhukovsky "heartily rejoiced" at Pushkin's joke, and after the release of the poem, he presented Pushkin with his portrait with the inscription "To the winner-student from the defeated teacher." Subsequently, in the early 1830s, the mature Pushkin, inclined to critically reevaluate his youthful experiences, lamented that he parodied The Twelve Sleeping Virgins "for the sake of the mob."

Edition

The poem began to be published in The Son of the Fatherland in the spring of 1820 in excerpts, the first separate edition was published in May of that year (just in the days of Pushkin's exile to the south) and evoked indignant responses from many critics who saw in it "immorality" and "indecency" (A. F. Voeikov, who had begun the journal publication of a neutral-friendly analysis of the poem, criticized it in the last part of the review under the influence of I. I. Dmitriev). In correspondence with Karamzin, I. I. Dmitriev compares “Ruslan and Lyudmila” with Nikolai Osipov’s well-known heroic and comic poem “Virgil’s Aeneid, turned inside out”, to which Karamzin, in a letter dated June 7, 1820, replies:

In previous letters I forgot to tell you that you, in my opinion, do not do justice to talent or poem young Pushkin, comparing it with Osipov's Aeneid: it has liveliness, lightness, wit, taste; only there is no artful arrangement of parts, no or little interest; everything is sour cream on a live thread.

A special position was taken by P. A. Katenin, who reproached Pushkin, on the contrary, for insufficient nationality and excessive “smoothing” of Russian fairy tales in the spirit of French salon stories. A significant part of the reading public accepted the poem enthusiastically, with its appearance the all-Russian glory of Pushkin began.

The epilogue (“So, an indifferent inhabitant of the world ...”) was written by Pushkin later, during his exile to the Caucasus. In 1828, Pushkin prepared a second edition of the poem, added an epilogue and a newly written famous so-called "prologue" - formally part of the First Song ("At the seashore there is a green oak ..."), which strengthened the conventional folklore coloring of the text, and also reduced many erotic episodes and lyrical digressions . As a preface, Pushkin reprinted some critical reviews of the 1820 edition, which, in the new literary environment, have already become frankly ridiculous, for example, a critical article by a little-known critic who wrote about the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila": imagine, they say, a man in bast shoes, in an Armenian coat broke into some kind of "noble assembly" and shouted: "Great, guys!" , regarding this case, literary critic Vadim Kozhinov noted: “I must say: it happens that not friends, but enemies give the highest rating to a person.” In 1830, again rejecting the old accusations of immorality in the "Refutation of Critics", the poet emphasized that now he was not satisfied with the poem, on the contrary, the lack of a genuine feeling: "No one even noticed that she was cold."

On August 17, Rostov and Ilyin, accompanied by Lavrushka and the escort hussar, who had just returned from captivity, from their Yankovo ​​camp, fifteen miles from Bogucharov, went riding - to try a new horse bought by Ilyin and find out if there is hay in the villages.
Bogucharovo had been between the two enemy armies for the last three days, so that the Russian rearguard could just as easily enter there as the French avant-garde, and therefore Rostov, as a caring squadron commander, wanted to take advantage of the provisions that remained in Bogucharov before the French.
Rostov and Ilyin were in the most cheerful mood. On the way to Bogucharovo, to the princely estate with a manor, where they hoped to find a large household and pretty girls, they first asked Lavrushka about Napoleon and laughed at his stories, then they drove, trying Ilyin's horse.
Rostov did not know and did not think that this village to which he was going was the estate of that same Bolkonsky, who was his sister's fiancé.
Rostov and Ilyin let the horses out for the last time in the cart in front of Bogucharov, and Rostov, having overtaken Ilyin, was the first to jump into the street of the village of Bogucharov.
“You took it ahead,” said Ilyin, flushed.
“Yes, everything is forward, and forward in the meadow, and here,” answered Rostov, stroking his soaring bottom with his hand.
“And I’m in French, Your Excellency,” Lavrushka said from behind, calling his draft horse French, “I would have overtaken, but I just didn’t want to shame.
They walked up to the barn, where a large crowd of peasants was standing.
Some peasants took off their hats, some, without taking off their hats, looked at the approachers. Two long old peasants, with wrinkled faces and sparse beards, came out of the tavern and with smiles, swaying and singing some awkward song, approached the officers.
- Well done! - said, laughing, Rostov. - What, do you have hay?
“And the same ones…” said Ilyin.
- Weigh ... oo ... oooh ... barking demon ... demon ... - the men sang with happy smiles.
One peasant left the crowd and approached Rostov.
- Which one will you be? - he asked.
“French,” answered Ilyin, laughing. "That's Napoleon himself," he said, pointing to Lavrushka.
- So, the Russians will be? the man asked.
- How much of your power is there? asked another small man, approaching them.
“Many, many,” answered Rostov. - Yes, what are you gathered here for? he added. Holiday, huh?
“The old men have gathered, on a worldly matter,” answered the peasant, moving away from him.
At this time, two women and a man in a white hat appeared on the road from the manor house, walking towards the officers.
- In my pink, mind not beating! said Ilyin, noticing Dunyasha resolutely advancing towards him.
Ours will be! Lavrushka said with a wink.
- What, my beauty, do you need? - said Ilyin, smiling.