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What is neurosis? We will discuss the causes, diagnosis and treatment methods in the article by Dr. Nikitin S.S., a neurologist with 10 years of experience.

Definition of disease. Causes of the disease

Neurosis is a functional disorder, but often complicates treatment or can cause illness - mental or physical.

WHO testifies: the incidence of neuroses has increased almost 20 times and continues to grow, becoming one of the main problems of practical medicine. Problems of upbringing, difficulties of communication, conflicts in relationships, a ban on the expression of many emotions, demands of the system, information overload, social and economic problems - all this has brought neurosis into the disease of civilization.

The concept of neurosis with attempts to explain its occurrence and development mechanisms first appeared in the teachings of I. P. Pavlov on the types of higher nervous activity. B. D. Karvasarsky, one of the heads of the department of neurosis and psychotherapy at the V. M. Bekhterev Institute, was the first to combine scientific research into one large treatise, which was reprinted several times.

When analyzing the concept of “neurosis”, two important points should be taken into account:

1. With neurosis there are no psychotic phenomena. This means that the state we are considering is characterized by reversibility, in contrast to psychopathy (they are stable, there is no criticism of their condition, social maladjustment is observed). The state of neurosis is reversible, although it can last for weeks, months, or even years.
2. With neurosis, there is a clear relationship between the conflict situation, which thereby became the triggering factor, and the clinical picture of neurosis. That is, if there is no traumatic situation, then there will be no neurosis.

When considering the development of neurosis, the most important aspect, about which various schools of psychology have been arguing for decades, is the question of the trigger factor. Today there is a multifactorial concept of the occurrence of neurosis. It combines biological, psychological and social factors. Although in the scientific literature there are still sometimes indications of the exclusivity of hereditary or environmental factors (the term environmental– in psychology).

So, the factors of the occurrence and development of neurosis are divided into:

I would like to note that the presence of a psychotraumatic situation is the main factor in the development of neurosis. Moreover, this situation must occur in vital relationships, which is why a person’s value system is so important. And this is an issue of education, which is now very acute in our country. In my practice, I often meet people who are currently experiencing situations that remind them of their childhood problems and losses.

Symptoms of neurosis

Neurosis has many masks - its symptoms can be:

1. difficulty swallowing, pain and rumbling in the abdomen, intestinal spasms;
2. sexual disorders in men and women;
3. frequent or constant muscle pain, headaches, migraines;
4. decreased memory, attention, thinking;
5. sleep disturbance, feeling of lack of sleep, drowsiness;
6. frequent urination and the anxiety it causes;
7. pain in the heart, changes in heart rate and blood pressure;
8. feeling of lack of air, feeling of a lump in the chest, frequent hiccups;
9. skin manifestations (itching, redness).

On the one hand, these complaints can be symptoms of serious diseases, but on the other hand, they are manifestations of a person’s neuropsychic overstrain. Many of my colleagues recognize the importance of psychological factors, but often in terms of treatment, at best, their correction is associated only with the prescription of medications. It is even more common for these complaints to be ignored in treatment altogether. Because normalizing blood pressure or getting rid of abdominal pain is more important than normalizing sleep or getting rid of the feeling of a lump in the throat. And only after going through several medications for treatment, seeing their ineffectiveness, do they begin to think about whether to send the patient to a psychotherapist.

The difficulty also lies in the fact that it is necessary to clearly distinguish what manifestation a person is faced with. For example, sleep disturbance can be a symptom of both neurosis and depression, as well as a separate disease. Treatment for these diseases is different, since the points of application of medical knowledge differ.

If we talk about the manifestations of neurosis, then emotional and vegetative disorders come to the fore, due to the manifestations of which we can talk about several neurotic syndromes:

1. Asthenic syndrome(state of neuropsychic weakness). Asthenia itself occurs with any disease. Divided into:

• psychotic (characteristic of schizophrenia, depression - patients have difficulty coping with stress in everyday life, there is no reversibility of the condition, but only intensification when exposed to psychological factors);
• organic (observed in organic diseases of the brain, for example, with a tumor, stroke, trauma, atherosclerosis, and many others);
• neurotic (characterized by the “neurotic triad”: asthenia, sleep disturbance and any vegetative manifestations). Asthenia includes increased fatigue, decreased concentration and memory; to vegetative manifestations - frequent changes in pulse and blood pressure, skin reactions in the form of redness, increased sweating, reactions of internal organs and muscles; to sleep disturbance - difficulty falling asleep, waking up at night, no feeling of rest after sleep and decreased performance.

The severity of mental weakness can be the same in schizophrenia, depression, and neurosis; There are other factors and symptoms to consider here. However, with depression, vegetative manifestations are either absent or have little severity, while with neuroses they often become a reason to consult a doctor.

2. Obsessive syndrome

It is leading in obsessive-compulsive neurosis and is part of the phobic syndrome. "Obsession" translated from Latin means "obsession." This phenomenon has been repeatedly described in the literature and means the appearance of a certain thought or image that is emotionally unpleasant and different from the thoughts that currently exist. In other words, this is when a person has some unexpected obsessive thoughts that he cannot get rid of. For example, a person is now sitting at work and counting numbers and suddenly begins to think about something else that is not related to work; it keeps him busy and distracted. An important distinguishing feature is a person’s understanding that these are his personal images and personal thoughts that are not imposed by anyone; most often a person tries to fight these images, “drive them away from himself.”

Types of obsessive phenomena in obsessive syndrome:

• obsessive phenomena such as “mental chewing gum”;
• obsessive doubts such as painful uncertainty about the correctness and completeness of actions;
• obsessive counting or recalling forgotten names and definitions in memory;
• obsessive memories of a traumatic situation, any unpleasant events of the past;
• obsessive movements in the form of constant repetition of actions, often according to a specific plan.

I would like to note that one should distinguish between obsession in this syndrome and obsessive-compulsive neurosis, which is described below.

3. Phobic syndrome

Neurotic phobia is characterized by an obsessive experience of fear, with a clear plot (that is, plot) and the safety of human criticism. Usually these experiences and fears are very vivid, full of feelings and emotions. It is important that a person struggles with his experiences and during an attack of phobia can perceive an imaginary danger as real.

Main types of phobias (by frequency of occurrence):

• fear of space and movement, for example, fear of closed or, conversely, open spaces;
• nosophobia, or fear of illness, such as heart disease, cancer, or fear of going crazy;
• social phobias, for example, fear of speaking, fears of blushing or sweating in public, fear of vomiting;
• obsessive-compulsive, for example, fear of contamination or contamination, fear of causing or receiving injury or injury;
• various phobias, for example, fear of insects, ghosts or some rare forms of phobias.

4. Hypochondriacal syndrome

Present in all types of neuroses and characterized by inadequate, often excessive, attention to one’s health. The structure of the syndrome looks like this:

• unpleasant or painful sensations that attract the patient's attention. These may be some physiological changes that occur during eating or sleeping, rest or physical activity, or beginning changes in neuroses.
• emotional-affective disorders and thinking disorders, which manifest themselves in the form of anxiety or fear, decreased mood, reaching obsessive or even overvalued ideas. A person begins to actively monitor his condition and write down his complaints. There is also an emotional coloring of complaints, for example, in my practice as a neurologist, patients sometimes describe headaches with the following words: “heat in the head”, “pulsation in the head”, “itches in the skull” and many others. etc.

If these symptoms continue for a long time, a hypochondriacal personality shift may occur. It manifests itself in the complete subordination of one’s life to symptoms and illness.

Pathogenesis of neurosis

The definition of neurosis has not changed over the years and looks like this: various external factors of great, or rather inadequately great, strength and/or duration affect a person. These are various psychologically unpleasant situations or conflicts. In response, in order to keep the entire body intact and increase resistance to these factors, the brain rearranges its work through changes in the functioning of higher nervous activity. This means that our thoughts and attention are reorganized to fight the conflict or ignore it. Since the coherence of the functioning of all organs and systems of our body depends precisely on the work of the nervous system, due to suppression (in neurology - inhibition) or irritation or enhancement (in neurology - mobility or excitation) occurs dysfunction of internal organs and systems. It is for this reason that a huge variety of symptoms can be observed in the clinic. Nervous-mental stress caused by increased anxiety about one’s health and the ongoing impact of psychological factors, leads to disruption of vital relationships- family, work, personal, etc., which, in turn, can again cause an increase in the strength and/or duration of the impact of psychological factors.

Classification and stages of development of neurosis

* reducing the significance of a traumatic situation

** eliminating the situation by forgetting or ignoring

***return to earlier ways of behavior

**** logical explanation of your actions

Recently, forms of neurosis have become increasingly common, when signs of different types are identified, for example, a combination of neurasthenia and obsessive-compulsive neurosis.

Diagnosis of neurosis

In this matter, a combination of different methods is important:

1. Clinical method consists of medical supervision and medical examination. At this stage, the task is to identify the physical manifestations of neurosis, the degree of dysfunction of organs and systems.
2. Pathopsychological the method includes:

• studying the patient's medical history
• conversation with the patient
• autobiography and diaries

At this stage, the task is to identify the features of the course of the disease, the structure and characteristics of the patient’s personality, and traumatic situations in childhood and adulthood.

3. Psychological method consists of psychological testing.

At this stage, the task is to identify the psychological characteristics of the individual, the characteristics of behavior in various situations (psychological experiment).

Doctors of many clinical specialties may suspect a neurotic disorder in their patient and refer them for diagnosis. It should be remembered that only specialists with specialized education should be involved in the diagnosis and treatment of neurosis. In specialized hospitals these are psychotherapists. In outpatient practice, it is possible to combine neurological and psychological specialists.

Treatment of neurosis

Treatment of neuroses is divided into two methods - psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. The most optimal results can be achieved with a complex combination of two methods.

The need to introduce pharmacological agents, in particular psychotropic substances, arose due to the impossibility of providing high-quality psychotherapeutic assistance to everyone. Summarizing my experience in treating neuroses, I can say that very often the use of drugs is very helpful in starting treatment. This is applicable and indicated for those patients who at first find it very difficult to open up to the doctor; they consider their life to be already prosperous. Over time, while they take the drugs, they feel an improvement and then more willingly agree to psychocorrection.

And now there are supporters of only a psychotherapeutic or only a pharmacotherapeutic approach. It seems more rational to determine an individual treatment plan in each specific situation. Since we are talking about psychotrauma as a starting point, not a single case of neurosis can do without psychotherapy. Whereas many patients do not need to be prescribed medications.

Pharmacotherapy

Of all the psychotropic drugs, tranquilizers have become the most popular in the treatment of neuroses. Now there are a huge number of them on the market, and if necessary, the doctor will determine the one that is suitable for a particular patient.

Tranquilizers allow you to achieve many positive goals:

1. reduce the emotional excitability of patients;
2. improve sleep: patients fall asleep better, sleep quality improves;
3. reduce vegetative manifestations of neurosis;
4. reduce irritability and nervousness.

In addition, neuroleptics, antidepressants, and various psychostimulants can be used for treatment among psychotropic drugs. General strengthening drugs (vitamins, nootropics, neuroprotectors) are widely used.

The course of treatment is individual and is selected depending on the degree of influence of biological factors on the occurrence of the disease. Drugs are selected taking into account the characteristics of the patient, the intensity of symptoms and types of neurotic syndromes.

Psychotherapy

It is well known and constantly confirmed in practice that most patients are completely unaware of the significance of many life situations and circumstances that in one way or another led to the disease. At the initial appointment, patients declare the well-being of their lives, even while presenting typical neurotic complaints.

This is due, on the one hand, to the conscious attitude “not to think about bad things” and ignorance of the possible degree of influence of psychological and social factors. On the other hand, often doctors of clinical specialties, whose field of view includes patients with neuroses, do not have sufficient qualifications to identify these factors.

The goal of psychotherapy is for the patient to understand the impact of traumatic situations on his illness. This is an important component of treatment. It is necessary to change a person’s attitude towards those situations, to give him new experience and to gain experience for the future. Often it is necessary to remove the patient from “his childish position”, which manifests itself in the use of childish ways of responding. Neuroscientists have proven that the neural pathways of reaction and formation of emotions are formed in humans before the age of seven. Accordingly, our task is to expand the ways we respond. To get results, you need to change your life.

Psychoanalysis, person-oriented therapy, and suggestive (suggestion) psychotherapy were previously used as a method of psychotherapy. Today we have a much greater variety of techniques: neuro-linguistic programming, body-oriented therapy, systemic psychotherapy, metaphorical associative maps, personal and program-oriented coaching. It should be remembered that often it is a combination of different methods that gives effectiveness.

Forecast. Prevention

In the 90s, when the theory of neuroses was developing in our country, their prevention came down mainly to building a clear system of patient movement: treatment of the acute phase in a hospital, then an outpatient stage, then a club of former patients.

Nowadays, all these stages are built on the basis of psychoneurological dispensaries, which somewhat frightens patients and worries them additionally. After all, they regard staying in such a hospital as a threat to their existence and the risk of receiving a psychiatric diagnosis. Unfortunately, our people do not understand the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychotherapist. The situation is further complicated by the abundance of psychotropic drugs on the market.

The prognosis for neuroses is determined mainly by the stage of detection of the disease.

If the diagnosis is made at the stage of functional disorders, it means that when the normal functioning of organs and systems returns, the person will be healthy. But if at the stage of functional disorders a person has not received proper treatment from a psychologist and has not resolved the traumatic situation, then a restructuring of the organ itself occurs. That is, we get a somatic illness. For example, if a person previously felt interruptions in the heart, but no pathology was objectively discovered during further examination, but a state of neurosis was identified that did not receive proper treatment, then the person has a high risk of getting a heart rhythm disorder as a diagnosis. Subsequently, this may lead to lifelong use of antiarrhythmics or surgery.

It should also be noted that most people seek medical help at the stage of functional impairment. As a rule, it is not possible to resolve a psychologically significant situation on your own. This requires the help of a specialist.

Bibliography

• 1. Karvasarsky B.D. Neuroses (a guide for doctors). – M.: Medicine, 1980. – 448 p.
• 2. Karvasarsky B.D. Neuroses. – 2nd edition, revised. And additional – M.: Medicine, 1990. – 576 p.
• 3. Filimonov V.I. Physiological foundations of psychophysiology. – M.: MEDpress-inform, 2003. – 320 p.
• 4. Vein A.M., Dyukova G.M. , Vorobyova O.V., Danilov A.B. "Panic attacks. A guide for doctors." – Eidos Media Publishing House, 2004. – 408 p.
• 5. Smulevich A.B. "Depression in somatic and mental illnesses." – M.: Medical Information Agency, 2007. – 432 p.
• 6. Leslie Cameron-Bandler, Mike Lebo. NLP. Intensive course in mental management. Translation from English A. Smirnov, M. Potapova, P. Rumyantseva. – St. Petersburg, 2007. – 219 p.
• 7. Yanov Arthur. Primary cry. Translation from English A.N. Anvaera. – M.: “AST MOSCOW”, 2008. – 606 p.
• 8. Psychological diagnostics in medical practice / editors-compilers I.F. Dyakonov, B.V. Ovchinnikov. – St. Petersburg: Spets.lit, 2008. – 143 p.
• 9. Zeigarnik B.V. Pathopsychology. Fundamentals of clinical diagnosis and practice. – M.: Eksmo, 2008. – 368 p.
• 10. Smulevich A.B. “Psychopathology of personality and comorbid disorders”: textbook. – M.: MEDpress-inform, 2009. – 208 p.
• 11. Nicholls J, Martin AR, Wallas BJ, Fuchs PA. From neuron to brain. – M., 2016. – 676 p.

Man lives in a world that cannot be called utopian. If we put aside any aspirations and desires of a person, then he at least has to deal with his survival. The world itself forces a person to survive: to get food, to protect himself from other living beings and rough phenomena. However, a person is also a social being who is attracted to social life, begins to desire something, set goals and achieve them. All this often leads to neuroses, which have their own causes, signs and forms of manifestation, as well as methods of treatment.

The psychological help website calls neurosis an abnormal state of the psyche, which is marked by the following manifestations:

1. Hysteria, irritability.
2. Asthenia, weakness, fatigue.
3. Obsessiveness of ideas or actions.
4. Inability to perform work for a long time, both physical and mental.

You can give a whole list of reasons due to which neurosis develops, which is often not noticed by people and is attributed to diseases of the body. First of all, we want to focus on the fact that a person lives in the real world, in which he must adapt in such a way as to feel harmonious, whole and happy. If this does not happen, then neurosis may develop.

A person’s inability to adapt to the surrounding world is associated with a person’s inability to accept the surrounding reality. If you are unhappy with the position you occupy, change it! You are not a tree to stay in one place. And any of your excuses, like “I can’t”, “it doesn’t work”, “doesn’t make sense”, are just excuses for your inaction. But if they can still affect people, then you will not influence life itself in this way. If you do nothing, then nothing will change, no matter how you justify your inaction.

Say no to your dissatisfaction and yes to your strong desire to change. You are not a tree, not a house, not a stone to lie in a place where you don’t like. You are given the whole world to choose what suits you. But this can only happen when you stop just being dissatisfied and start taking action to change something in your life.

You can say that you don’t have the capabilities, conditions don’t allow it, or there are some other interfering factors. Do you think that fate immediately gave successful people all the cards in their hands, without subjecting them to trials and difficulties? You are mistaken if you hope that fate itself will find a “warm place” for you, transport you and place you there. She won't do anything for you! Therefore, all these excuses that you find in response to your inaction are those interfering factors that separate you from your dreams. Start doing at least something, and not just sit on a “stump” and complain that there are no “bananas” around you.

Every person gets what they deserve. And if you are in a position that does not suit you, then you deserve it. But if you want, you can achieve more and better. However, all this depends only on you and your actions and desires. If you just whine and complain, your life will not change. But once you start taking action, overcoming difficulties and going boldly towards your goal, you will deserve a better place than you are now.

What is neurosis?

Neurosis is a mental state of a depleted nervous system, which manifests itself in a number of unpleasant symptoms. Neurosis is a rejection of the surrounding world, a person’s desire to live in a fairy tale, while the surrounding world constantly returns him to reality. Neurosis is internal dissatisfaction with the existing state of affairs. Moreover, the person is not only dissatisfied, but also does nothing to change what he does not like, which can be called helplessness.

Neurosis is an internal imbalance when a person does not feel satisfied, happy, complete, harmonious, which is facilitated by many factors, such as:

1. The world is not the way we would like it to be.
2. A person does not live up to his inner ideals.
3. A person does not live the way he would like.
4. A person cannot cope with his problems, which constantly remind themselves of themselves.
5. Constantly facing stressful situations.
6. Forced to do hard work.
7. Lack of proper rest both daily and throughout the year.

Neurosis can be called an “internal wound” that a person does not heal. At first, it could arise due to the difficult external circumstances in which the person found himself, and then it began to grow, fester, and even lead to sepsis, since the person did not get rid of the unfavorable situation or plunged even deeper into it.

Neurosis is a progressive disease that includes many somatic and psychological symptoms.

Causes of neurosis

The causes of neurosis are:

• Prolonged emotional experiences.
• Mental overload.
• Difficult life circumstances.
• Inability to solve your personal problems.
• Pathologies of central nervous system development.
• Intoxication and any diseases of the body that deplete its resources.
• Neurotic disorders.

The main cause of neurosis is a person’s inability to adapt to the world in such a way as to internally feel self-sufficient, complete and happy. If harmony within is not achieved, then the person becomes constantly dissatisfied. Every year his discontent grows more and more, which leads to a serious imbalance.

Signs and symptoms of neurosis

Signs and symptoms of neurosis are conventionally divided into mental and somatic:

1. Psychiatric symptoms include:

• Diffidence. As a result, the person does not set any goals and feels inferior.
• Indecisive fatigue. Efficiency decreases, laziness and reluctance to do anything develop.
• Anxiety.
• Inadequate self-esteem.

1. Somatic signs include:

• Heart pain in any position.
• Vegetative-vascular dystonia: tremors of the limbs, sweating, loss of consciousness with fainting, anxiety, body pain.

Other signs of neurosis are:

• Emotional distress.
• Indecisiveness.
• Communication problems.
• Tearfulness.
• Irritability.
• A sudden change in mood, which happens often.
• Touchiness, vulnerability.
• Feelings of fear, anxiety, anticipation of something bad.
• Panic disorders and phobias.
• Sharp reaction to sounds and bright light.
• Contradiction of desires, life values.
• Obsession with a situation that is traumatic.
• The desire to quickly get your work done, which further leads to fatigue and decreased results.
• Aggression and despair as a reaction to stress.
• Headaches and heartaches.
• Inadequate self-esteem.
• Disturbed sleep.
• Increased fatigue.
• Decreased libido.
• Dizziness and darkening of the eyes from pressure changes.
• Stomach ache.
• Loss of appetite.
• Violation of the vestibular apparatus.
• Increased concern for your health.

Forms of neurosis

Neurosis includes a complex of disorders, among which the following forms are distinguished:

1. Neurasthenia, which first manifests itself in irritability, then progresses to decreased performance and ultimately to lethargy, fatigue and weakness.
2. Hysterical neurosis in the form of paresis, paralysis, etc.
3. Obsessive-compulsive neurosis.
4. Depressive neurosis.
5. Hypochondriacal neurosis.

Are you comparing your life to someone else's? Do you think that another person's appearance is more beautiful than yours? Is your child not doing as well as his classmates? One of the habits of people is comparison. To understand how well you live, your qualities are ideal, your family is happy, a person begins to compare himself with others. It is not the person himself who determines the quality of one or another aspect of his own life, but rather compares whose aspect is better.

There is nothing wrong with this as long as constantly comparing yourself to others does not lead to stress. You are nervous that you are not as perfect and good as others. Your life is not as successful and rich as others. You are comparing. But what feelings are experienced afterwards? If you set out to improve your quality of life, which is inferior compared to others, then you give in to feelings of excitement and drive. If you're upset about the worst performance in your life, it can lead to neurosis.

Constantly worrying that you are not living as well as others, thereby developing various disorders within yourself. You will get nothing but a bad mood, mental illness and loss of strength. For what purpose do you compare yourself to others? First, decide on your goals so as not to “dig a hole for yourself.”

The fact that you live worse than others does not mean that you are bad. It also does not indicate that other people owe you anything or are sinners. Everyone gets what they put their effort and time into. You can live the way you already live. Able to improve the quality of their life. In any case, if you compare, it is not with the goal of being upset about your own poor state, but with the goal of changing or understanding how you can still live.

How to treat neurosis?

Treatment of neuroses primarily involves psychotherapy (in particular cognitive therapy) in order to identify the causes of the disease and eliminate them. Here the psychotherapist directs all his efforts to change the person’s system of views on the situation that causes neurosis in him. It is often necessary to work through several problems at once, since neurosis is based on general dissatisfaction with life and oneself, and not on a specific unfortunate incident.

In rare cases, medications are prescribed in the form of antipsychotics, tranquilizers, nootropics and antidepressants. You can also resort to traditional medicine, which suggests using soothing herbs in tea.

In the most ideal scenario, you need to eliminate all stress and conflicts from life in order to bring your consciousness to an adequate state. After all, neurosis is an inadequate perception of the world and everything that happens in it, due to the fact that a person does not accept something, denies something, or lives in his own fairy-tale world.

A habit formed in childhood makes people constantly dissatisfied with themselves. Perhaps you are faced with such a situation. Then you are not as beautiful as you would like. Then you are not as young as you were before. Then you have not achieved any success as you dreamed of. Being dissatisfied with oneself is a habit that is formed in people by their parents, educators and teachers. And in adulthood, beloved partners, bosses, society as a whole, and even strangers are involved in this process.

How to stop being dissatisfied with yourself? You need to see how you are used to criticizing yourself. As a child, you were criticized by your parents, teachers and educators. As an adult, you are criticized by your loved one, your boss, passers-by, and just everyone who is not too lazy. You are used to the idea that you are “somehow different.” And when you are alone with yourself, you continue to throw stones at yourself, as other people do.

Being beaten is a habit. First you are beaten by your parents and teachers, and then by the whole society. Beating means not only physical, but also verbal violence. Criticism is hitting another person with words. If you have been criticized since childhood, then you are already accustomed to being beaten. If other people don’t do this, then you do it yourself, that is, you criticize yourself, because it’s unusual for you to be healthy and unbeaten.

What exactly makes you unhappy?

• Are you ugly? Who defines this beauty? Someone once told you something so stupid, and you believed it.
• Are you poor? Is this why you should now humiliate yourself?
• Are you old, not so energetic and young? Why not take advantage of your advanced age for the benefits it gives you?

From their very childhood, people are instilled with the idea that they need to achieve something, have some specific qualities and external data in order to finally be satisfied. Sorry, but people are born different, everyone has different talents, physical characteristics and qualities. Why should different people become the same? Why should you be and live like a carbon copy, like other people?

The biggest stupidity is the idea that age determines a person's capabilities. Like, from 18 to 30 years old you have a chance to succeed in something, and if you couldn’t achieve something, then you don’t even have to try to do it if you’re already over 40. This only limits you, again makes you criticize yourself, get nervous and “go grey” ahead of time. As long as you are alive and have all the tools to achieve what you want, you can achieve a lot. And it doesn't matter whether you are young or old. It is not your age that should determine your capabilities and lifestyle, but your desire and readiness.

Prevention of neurosis

To ensure that neuroses never bother a person, you need to adhere to prevention:

1. Normalize your work and rest schedule.
2. Get more emotional and mental rest.
3. Have a strong belief system that is consistent with the real world.
4. Eliminate all conflicts with other people.
5. Eat right to saturate your body with vitamins.
6. Eliminate all diseases of the body.
7. Work in a well-lit area.

Bottom line

Neuroses are common to many people, but their manifestations do not make them sick. This is why people often suffer from neuroses all their lives, never realizing that their illnesses are a reluctance to adapt to the real world.

In today's rapidly changing world, the human body is daily exposed to stress, everyday problems, and conflict situations. Such a collision of opposing goals, interests and opinions can lead to the development of special functional states - neuroses.

The term “neurosis” includes a whole group of neuropsychic disorders that have a conflict-related origin. They are formed as the consequences of a person’s changed attitude to the world around him, negative perception, non-recognition of personal positions and views.

Neuroses and neurosis-like conditions are reversible, however, the lack of correction, as well as the inadequacy and untimeliness of its implementation, can preserve the clinical manifestations of the pathology for many years and significantly reduce the patient’s quality of life.

Causes

Neurotic disorders are classified as diseases whose etiology is represented by multifactorial components. Such disorders are based on complex psychological, biological and social mechanisms of pathogenesis. A psychotraumatic situation serves only as a reason for their initiation.

Neuropsychiatric disorders are formed under conditions of exposure to prolonged or severe stress, mainly in individuals predisposed to their development. Persons with excessive dominance of certain character traits are susceptible to neuroses. Such features cause a decrease in a person’s resistance to psychogenic influences and complicate adaptation in a number of situations. Such aspects of character are laid down in childhood if the educational process suffers (there is overprotection, protectiveness, intimidation, suppression of independence, deprivation of one’s own initiative, contradictory demands, and so on). Under the influence of a psychotraumatic situation, the patient experiences a psychological conflict that he is unable to resolve, and the adaptive abilities of the brain are disrupted.

The essence of pathogenesis comes down to disturbances in the processes of inhibition and excitation in the nervous tissue, resulting in disorders of higher nervous activity. In addition, dysfunction of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex system is important. Interhemispheric relationships and suprasegmental parts of the autonomic nervous system suffer. Additionally, neurotransmitter disorders are diagnosed (the exchange of catecholamines and dopamine changes).

Clinical features

Neurotic personality disorder has its own clear characteristics that make it possible to differentiate it from pathology that has an organic nature. Typical for neuroses is:

• reversibility of disorders, independent of their duration;
• psychogenic nature of the disease\
• the predominance of emotional-affective and vegetative-somatic disorders in the clinic.

Also, neurotic disorders are characterized by a high percentage of the spread of the disease among women, as well as persons with predisposing accentuated character traits. The peak incidence occurs in young working age from 15 to 25 years.

Classification

The main clinical forms of neurotic disorders allow a more complete assessment of the typical mechanisms of pathological perception and analysis of external conflict-generating influences. In addition, the system for distinguishing psychogenic diseases guides the doctor on how to treat neurosis.

Traditionally, the following types of neuroses are distinguished:

• neurasthenia;
• hysteria;
• obsessive-compulsive neurosis.

In addition, the group of general neuroses separately includes depressive and hypochondriacal neurosis, as well as anorexia nervosa.

The classification of neurotic disorders according to systemic criteria is based on the main functional systems involved in the clinical picture of the disease, and, accordingly, how psychogenic pathology manifests itself. According to this distribution, neurotic disorders can manifest themselves in the form of stuttering, neurotic tics, enuresis and encopresis. Characterological neuroses can arise on the basis of accentuated personality traits and form pathocharacterological reactions and behavioral disorders.

Neurasthenia

The most common neurotic disorder, characterized by increased irritability, pathological fatigue and exhaustion. In most cases, the disease is the result of nervous or mental stress at work. A typical manifestation of neurosis is an excessive response to surrounding events with unrestrained emotions combined with asthenization of the body as a whole. Patients cannot control their emotions and are prone to sobbing. They experience feelings of melancholy and hopelessness, constant dissatisfaction with themselves, and become exhausted extremely quickly. In addition, neurasthenics are characterized by symptoms of damage to the autonomic nervous system (tachycardia, instability of blood pressure, and temperature during neurosis may be noted).

The psychological basis of neurasthenia is the contradiction between the individual’s potential and the patient’s inflated demands on himself.

Hysterical neurosis

Hysteria is a consequence of mental trauma. Clinical manifestations of neurosis include both neurological and mental symptom complexes. Acute hysterical neurosis is manifested by the following neurological signs:

• movement disorders (hysterical hyperkinesis, gait disturbances, paralysis, hysterical paroxysms);
• sensory disturbances (hysterical anesthesia and pain syndromes, as well as hysterical deafness and blindness);
• speech disorders (hysterical aphonia, mutism, stuttering, chanting).

Mental manifestations of the disease are more complex behavioral in nature. These include:

• hysterical stupefaction - a transient state of disorientation in time, space and one’s own personality with a lack of reaction to others;
• hysterical fugue - a sudden and aimless flight from home, work or other place;
• pseudodementia – ridiculous behavior and answers to adequate questions;
• puerilism - imitation of the behavior of children (talking in a thin voice, distorting words, hysterical apraxia);
• hysterical depression - demonstrativeness of suffering and experiences.

In addition, there may be somatic symptoms of hysteria, reminiscent of manifestations of a variety of diseases that a person does not actually suffer from. However, neurosis must necessarily be a diagnosis of exclusion. It is legitimate to establish the presence of hysteria only in the absence of signs of organic pathology.

Hysterical neurosis develops against the background of an individual’s unreasonably high demands on others, along with a lack of criticism of his own behavior and state as a whole.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

The most rare type of neurosis. Neurotic syndromes consist of obsessive fears, concerns, doubts, memories and actions. This disease affects people with pronounced anxious and suspicious character traits. Even a minor psychotraumatic factor for them can become a reason for the formation of psychogenic symptoms.

Obsessions manifest themselves in the form of:

• obsessive fears (phobias);
• obsessive thoughts (obsessions);
• obsessive actions (compulsions).

Phobias are not a protective emotional reaction of the body. Their formation has successive stages and proceeds gradually. Initially, obsessive fear occurs when certain circumstances occur that act as a psychological trauma for a person. Subsequently, this reaction is consolidated in response to similar situations and then appears at the mere thought of what happened. The most common types of phobias include:

• Fear of space (open - agoraphobia, closed - claustrophobia);
• Nosophobia (fear of disease);
• Zoophobia (fear of animals, birds, insects);
• Social phobias (fear of loneliness, society, public speaking, judgment of others, and so on).

As a rule, a person suffering from obsessive-compulsive neurosis has one subtype of phobia.

Obsessive thoughts are painful for the patient and arise against his will. Despite attempts to resist them, they constantly return to the patient in a stereotypical form. Most often, obsessive thoughts manifest themselves in the form of unmotivated desires and doubts. A person feels the need to perform some rituals (for example, to stand only on his left foot or to count all the windows in brick houses for no reason), and is also constantly preoccupied with thoughts about whether he did the right thing, whether he did everything.

Obsessions give rise to obsessive actions - repeated stereotypical behaviors. They can take on the form of protective rituals, which, according to patients, protect him and loved ones from dangerous situations.

The common features of all obsessions are stability, systematicity and the inability to get rid of them. The patient is critical of the manifestations of the disease and recognizes obsessions as a painful condition for himself. However, phobias, obsessions and compulsions arise in addition to the desire of the neurotic to resist them.

Diagnosis and treatment

Identifying neuroses presents some difficulties due to the presence of subtle forms of the disease and symptoms similar to a number of other diseases. It must be remembered that neurosis is a diagnosis of exclusion! Therefore, any neurotic reactions require a thorough examination of the patient to exclude organic neurological and/or somatic pathology. Diagnosis of neuroses comes down to a conversation between the patient and the doctor, as well as passing a series of neuropsychological tests.

Treatment of neuroses involves determining the primary role of neutralizing the causes of the disease. For this purpose, home and work routines are normalized, physical and mental stress is reduced, and psychotherapy is used. All this is aimed at the psychological adaptation of a person and allows one to purposefully influence the psychogenic factor and actively resist it.

One of the main criteria for rational psychotherapy for neuroses is the validity of presenting the essence of the disease to the patient. A psychotherapist or neurologist must explain to the patient and his loved ones in an accessible form what neurosis is and how to cure it. A clear understanding of one’s own condition reliably increases the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic correction.

Drug correction is resorted to in extreme cases, when systematic long-term and complex psychotherapy for neuroses has not produced results. When choosing a drug treatment strategy, it is necessary to remember that clinical symptoms and treatment of neuroses are directly related to each other. However, the selection of drugs, frequency and duration of administration are carried out only according to the recommendations of the attending physician. The most commonly used pharmacological agents are neuroleptics, tranquilizers, sedatives or stimulants, and vegetative correctors.

Neuroses, as one of the variants of diseases of civilization, are increasingly found among the population due to increasing urbanization, information overload and an increasing number of stressful situations. Its widespread prevalence among young people of working age places neuroses among a number of medical and social problems. Working with individuals who have character traits predisposing them to the development of neuroses is the basis for effective prevention of neurotic disorders. Difficulties in diagnosis and the specificity of methods for correcting borderline pathology determine the importance of further study of the definition and treatment of the disease.

Neuroses are a collective name for reversible psychogenic disorders. Despite the fact that this group of nervous system pathologies has been studied for a long time, a clear definition for them still does not exist.

Neuroses in adults are characterized by a reversible and not very severe course, which distinguishes them, in particular, from psychoses. According to statistics, up to 20% of the adult population suffers from various neurotic disorders. The percentage may vary among different social groups.

Signs of neuroses in adults are various kinds of asthenic or hysterical manifestations. In most cases, they are accompanied by a decrease in performance (both physical and mental). Patients with neurotic conditions fully retain a critical attitude and control over the situation, i.e., they are aware that their current condition is not normal.

Causes of the development of neuroses in adults

The most common cause of the development of neuroses is sufficiently prolonged physical and (or) physical activity. Their intensity can be quite moderate, but a person has practically no opportunity to rest. Such stress factors can be, for example, family problems, conflicts with co-workers, or an irrational work schedule.

Important:neuroses are more often observed in those people whose nervous system is not able to function normally for a long time under conditions of increased stress. In particular, the pathologies of this group are characteristic of the so-called. “workaholics” who are constantly busy with work and don’t know how to relax at all. For this category of patients, nervous breakdowns are almost inevitable.

What are the types of neuroses in adults?

According to one of the common classifications, neuroses in adults are divided into:

• phobias that arise under certain conditions;
• phobias not related to specific circumstances;
• neuroses of obsessive states (or movements);
• reactive neuroses;
• neurasthenia (psychosomatic disorders);
• hysterical neuroses (conversion disorders).

Fear can arise in situations that do not actually pose a threat. However, a person with a phobia may fear dying or going crazy.

With neuroses, some people try to avoid traveling on certain types of transport or do not leave home at all. This same group of disorders includes social phobias, in which a person may fear increased attention from others or be afraid of “losing face.” Some fears are caused only by strictly defined situations. The patient may have a panicky fear of the sight of blood, the dark, or some animals. Phobias are often accompanied by somatic manifestations; symptoms of such neuroses in adults are hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating), hyperemia (redness) of the facial skin, urge to urinate and nausea.

Phobias are not always associated with specific circumstances. In some cases, with neuroses in adults, vague fear for loved ones or oneself appears. Such phobias in most cases manifest themselves less acutely, but the patient develops a depressed state.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by stereotypical and constantly recurring thoughts or urges to do something. A common manifestation of this kind of neuroses is the obsessive need to turn off the water or electrical appliances and once again check the locks when leaving the room.

Obsessive movement neurosis in adults often represents a kind of ritual in which a person, for example, bypasses obstacles only from a certain direction. Individual movements and actions are irrational; They do not make life easier, but complicate it. A patient with such a neurotic state is well aware that certain stereotypical actions are devoid of any meaning and tries to get rid of the habit, but, as a rule, attempts are unsuccessful and lead to the development of a depressed state.

Important:It is important to distinguish neurosis of obsessive movements in adults from motor anxiety, which is manifested by restlessness and twitching of the legs. The patient needs constant physical activity to somewhat dampen the feeling of anxiety.

Reactive neuroses arise as a response to severe stress or significant situational disturbances. The severity of the manifestations of such neurosis depends on the lability of the patient’s nervous system, as well as on the nature, strength and duration of exposure to the external factor. A person may be haunted by intrusive memories of an unpleasant event for a long time. Some, on the contrary, have partial amnesia, due to the fact that the consciousness tries to “erase” traumatic events from memory. Patients often withdraw into themselves, minimize contact even with very close people and show virtually no emotions. Situational disorders are caused by problems with adaptation to certain new conditions after a change of job, the loss of a loved one, or vice versa - the birth of a child. This disorder is characterized by depression, unmotivated feelings of anxiety and severe dissatisfaction with oneself. In many cases, reactive neuroses in adults gradually disappear after some time on their own.

Hysterical neurosis is a conversion mental disorder in which there are disturbances in perception, memory, or even self-identification. Disorders of the nervous system may manifest as loss of hearing or vision, which are in no way related to diseases of the sensory organs. Short-term loss of consciousness, convulsions and retrograde amnesia are possible. Some patients with hysterical neuroses develop an inexplicable urge to wander.

Psychosomatic disorders refer to various pathologies caused by... Patients with neurasthenia may experience disturbances in the functioning of the heart or gastrointestinal tract. Itching, coughing, hiccups and frequent urge to urinate often occur. One of the manifestations of neurasthenia is hypochondria, that is, a panicky fear of getting sick or an unfounded belief that the disease has already developed.

Symptoms of neuroses in adults

Clinical manifestations of the nervous system

People suffering from neuroses often experience:

• mood instability;
• a feeling of self-doubt and the correctness of the actions taken;
• overly expressed emotional reaction to minor stress (aggression, despair, etc.);
• increased sensitivity and vulnerability;
• tearfulness and irritability;
• suspiciousness and exaggerated self-criticism;
• frequent manifestation of unreasonable anxiety and fear;
• inconsistency of desires and changes in the value system;
• excessive fixation on the problem;
• increased mental fatigue;
• decreased ability to remember and concentrate;
• high degree of sensitivity to sound and light stimuli, reaction to minor temperature changes;
• disorders .

Note:Sleep disturbances are very characteristic of a number of neurotic conditions. A person's sleep becomes superficial and does not allow the nervous system to recover at night. During the day, on the contrary, drowsiness and lethargy are noted.

How does neurosis physically manifest in adults?

Autonomic disorders that are often found in neuroses include::

• cardiac dysfunction (palpitations, tachycardia);
• digestive disorders;
• increased sweating;
• hyperemia or pallor of the skin of the face;
• dry mouth or hypersalivation (increased salivation);
• tremor of the limbs (shaking in the hands);
• increase or decrease in blood pressure;
• dizziness and headaches;
• chest pain;
• chills or feeling of heat;
• frequent urge to urinate;
• disorders of the vestibular apparatus;
• decreased sex drive;
• Erectile dysfunction in men.

Important:Many somatic manifestations are characteristic of short-term episodes of severe discomfort, which are called “panic attacks.” Their regular repetition in some cases leads to the development of panic disorder.

Treatment of neuroses in adults

General principles of treatment

The choice of treatment tactics directly depends on the nature of the disorder and the severity of clinical manifestations, as well as on factors such as the gender and age of the patient. Relatively mild disorders of the nervous system often end in spontaneous recovery, that is, the patient’s condition returns to normal without any medical assistance. As a rule, this happens when the irritating factor disappears, or the lifestyle changes.

How to treat neuroses in adults if the nervous system cannot cope with them on its own can only be determined by an experienced psychologist (psychotherapist) after talking with the patient and collecting a detailed history. In such cases, an individual approach is very important, and complex therapy is required.

The main method of treatment is psychotherapy. The results of treatment are better visible if the neurotic state is not disguised as somatic diseases, and mental changes have not become personality traits.

To strengthen the nervous system, the use of physiotherapeutic methods and sanatorium-resort treatment may be indicated. It is important to normalize the work and rest regime. A patient with neurosis should, if possible, avoid both physical and psycho-emotional stress.

How to cope with neurosis with the help of medications?

Patients with neuroses are prescribed general strengthening medications that help the body cope with physical and mental overload. These, in particular, include complexes including vitamins A, B, C and PP. To reduce feelings of anxiety and normalize sleep, sedatives are recommended, preferably of natural origin (in particular extracts of valerian and motherwort). Of the synthetic drugs, Glycine is often prescribed. To strengthen the psyche, it is recommended to take antidepressants, for example, Amitriptyline. For neuroses that develop due to overwork, it is advisable to take medications that improve metabolism and blood supply to the brain. One of the most effective tranquilizers for neuroses is Afobazole.

Note:psychotropic medications for neuroses in adults can be prescribed only for severe disorders!

To regulate autonomic functions, if indicated, the use of drugs from the groups of anticholinergics, cholinomimetics, adrenergic agonists and ganglion blockers is justified.

Important: any medications must be prescribed by the attending physician; self-medication can lead to worsening of the condition.

Prevention of neuroses in adults

Like most diseases, neuroses are easier to prevent than to cure. Prevention of these nervous disorders involves minimizing occupational hazards and creating the most comfortable living conditions. The exclusion of a psychotraumatic factor is one of the most important conditions. In many cases, at the first manifestation of characteristic symptoms, a good rest is sufficient for the patient. A good effect can be achieved by a temporary change of scenery.

Neurosis gets its name from Greek and means nerve. Synonyms are neurotic disorder and psychoneurosis. Collective names for the group of nervous functional diseases of psychogenic disorders (hysterical neurosis, neurasthenia, obsessive-compulsive neurosis) tend to have a long course. The clinical picture of these disorders has asthenic, obsessive, and hysterical manifestations. For the disease, a decrease in mental as well as physical performance. The term neurosis was introduced into medical terminology in 1776 by a doctor from Scotland, William Cullen.

Causes of neuroses

An important factor causing neuroses are human conflicts, both internal and external. External include the effect of certain circumstances that cause psychological trauma, as well as prolonged emotional stress and affect the intellectual sphere of the psyche.

Neurosis is the norm of our days and it has firmly entered our lives since the time of Freud. Currently, the question of the authenticity of his existence no longer arises; there is a question of a person’s attitude to his condition (neurosis) and mental problems. Some magnify their suffering, and also ennoble it, finding their own meaning in it. And others suffer from them all their adult lives, and also try to ignore them, or interpret them in their own way, but more often they run away from them into work or into religion, into another person, into fantasy, into illness, into alcohol and so they are forgotten .

Neurosis refers to temporary functional disorders of the nervous system that arise under the influence of acute as well as longitudinal traumatic factors. The causes of neuroses are overwork, environmental fatigue, the effects of radiation, and serious illnesses.

I.I. Pavlov characterized neurosis as a chronic disease with a disorder of higher nervous activity that arose after overstrain in the cerebral cortex.

Other psychoanalytic theories consider neurosis, as well as its symptoms, to be a consequence of a deep-seated psychological conflict. It is believed that this conflict arises in the conditions of a social situation and this situation interferes with the satisfaction of basic needs, and also poses a danger or threat to the future of a person, which he tries, but cannot overcome or change.

Sigmund Freud believed that the origin of neurosis is due to the contradictions that arose due to instinctive drive (It) and the prohibition of the Superego. This prohibition represents morality, as well as moral laws that are embedded in a person from childhood.

Karen Horney argued that neurosis acts as a defense against unfavorable social factors. This can be humiliation, parental controlling love, social isolation, neglectful, as well as aggressive behavior of parents towards the child. In order to somehow protect himself, the child develops a kind of defense: from people, then movement towards people, and also against people. Movement away from people is a need for freedom, independence, and distance from people. The movement towards people includes the need for love, submission, and protection. The movement against people is the need for glory, for triumph over the people themselves, for success, for recognition; is to cope with life on your own and be strong.

Every neurotic has all three types, but only one dominates, so people suffering from neurosis are divided into isolated, subordinate, and aggressive.

Today, there are psychological factors in the development of neuroses, which are understood as the characteristics and conditions of personality development, as well as upbringing, the level of aspirations and relationships with society; and biological factors, which are understood as functional insufficiency of certain neurophysiological as well as neurotransmitter systems, making patients susceptible to psychogenic influences

Signs of neurosis

The main criteria, as well as signs by which neurosis is distinguished, are: psychogenic factors of occurrence, as well as decompensation of painful manifestations, absence of psychotic signs, absence of dementia, increasing personality changes, painful nature of psychopathological manifestations, critical attitude of the patient towards himself

Neurosis - symptoms

A neurotic disorder has the following symptoms: the presence of cynicism, emotional distress for no apparent reason, indecision, communication problems, low or high self-esteem, anxiety, phobias, panic disorder, fears, anticipation of an alarming event, panic attacks, uncertainty in system of values, as well as contradictions in preferences and life desires, contradictory ideas about oneself, about life, about others.

Symptoms of neurosis include instability of mood and frequent, as well as sharp variability, irritability; high sensitivity to stress, manifested in despair or aggression; The symptoms of neuroses are characterized by tearfulness, fixation on a traumatic situation, vulnerability, touchiness, and anxiety. When trying to work, neurosthenics quickly get tired, their attention, memory, and thinking abilities decrease; they are very susceptible to loud sounds, temperature changes, and bright light.

Neurosis also includes symptoms such as sleep disorder; it is often difficult for a person to fall asleep due to overexcitation; his sleep is superficial, very disturbing and does not bring any relief; In the morning, drowsiness is often observed.

Physical symptoms are also characteristic of neurosis: headaches, as well as heart pain, increased fatigue, chronic fatigue, abdominal pain, decreased performance (emotional burnout), VSD (vegetative-vascular dystonia), dizziness, and darkening from changes are often observed. pressure in the eyes, disturbances in the vestibular apparatus: difficulties in coordinating movements for balance, frequent dizziness, eating disorders (bulimia - overeating or undereating - anorexia); feeling of hunger and at the same time very rapid satiety during meals; insomnia, unpleasant dreams, hypochondria - concern for one's health, psychological sensation and experience of physical pain (psychalgia).

Neurosis also has the following vegetative symptoms: sweating, surges in blood pressure, palpitations, stomach disturbances, cough, frequent urination, decreased libido, loose stools, decreased potency

Treatment of neuroses

Many methods and techniques for treating neuroses help cope with this disease. In the treatment of neuroses, psychotherapy is successfully used, and in more severe cases, drug treatment.

The opinion of doctors is that it is advisable for the patient to become aware of his contradictions and build a more accurate picture of his personality. The main goal of psychotherapy is to help the patient understand the relationships that determined the development of neurosis. There will be a result in psychotherapy if the patient really correlates his life experience with the situation because of which they came into conflict and the disease manifested itself.

It is important to draw the patient’s attention to his personal subjective experiences, as well as to the external conditions of the social environment.

But Karen Horney argued that awareness of contradictions alone is absolutely not enough; it is very important to create psychotherapeutic conditions that will change the personality and allow her to forever forget neurotic ways of protecting herself from the outside world

Color diagnostics of neuroses

Personality neurosis is diagnosed by repeated preference for the following colors (gray, purple, black, brown).

Colors rejected by patients with hysterical syndrome are red and purple.

Treatment of neuroses includes many methods. These include feasible physical activity - physical exercise (aerobics, swimming, running, brisk walking). All this stimulates the heart and enriches it with oxygen. We conduct physical exercises up to 5 times a week for 15 minutes.

Treatment methods for neuroses include color therapy. The right color for the brain is beneficial, just like vitamins are for the body. To extinguish anger and irritation, avoid the color red. When you are in a bad mood, eliminate black and dark blue tones from your wardrobe and surround yourself with light and warm colors. To relieve tension, look at blue, greenish tones. Replace the wallpaper at home, choose the appropriate decor.

An effective method for treating neurosis is music therapy, which is selected according to the mood, then the music is changed in the direction of changing the desired mood. This is what Bekhterev advised. Simple music - songs, romances - gives a strong effect and good results. French researchers advise using the mechanism of action of music. First, we determine the melody that is responsible for the state of mind at the moment. Next, a melody is selected that can resist the effect of the first composition, neutralizing it. When choosing a second melody, they are guided by the fact that it should be airy and light; giving the desired consolation and instilling hope. When choosing the third composition, music with the greatest emotional impact is selected. Music should be dynamic, carrying confidence, will and courage.

Methods for treating neuroses include the gastronomic method. Pleasure yourself through food. Carbohydrates contained in cakes and sweets are very calming. Protein foods (seafood, chicken, young veal, beef) also give the desired result, but avoid drinking coffee, strong tea, Coca-Cola and the like. There is a direct connection with high consumption of these drinks and anxiety, depression, and irritability

Traditional treatment of neurosis

If you experience fatigue or overwork, try grape juice every two hours, 2 tbsp. spoons, salted fish in small quantities is effective, as well as a decoction of warm potatoes with peel. Prepare dessert: for a glass of hot milk, one yolk and sugar. Drink hot.

Mix chopped walnuts with honey, take a teaspoon up to three times a month.

The diet must contain iodine-containing foods: serviceberry fruits, feijoa, seaweed.

During periods of nervous excitement, as well as tearfulness or insomnia, take up to 15 drops of valerian. Take a bath of valerian root decoction. To do this, take 60 grams of root, boil for 15 minutes, let it brew for up to 1 hour, strain and pour into the bath. The duration of the bath is no more than 15 minutes.

In the evening, take a tincture of motherwort herb for a month, and drink a glass of hot milk at night; It is recommended to sleep on a pillow stuffed with wormwood and hop cones.

Traditional treatment for neurosis includes many remedies that improve sleep, change mood, and relieve stress and irritability.

Everyone can choose an effective herbal treatment for neuroses.

For example, one tbsp. pour a glass of boiling water over a spoonful of watchwort herb, valerian root, peppermint leaves, then leave, strain and drink up to 100 ml up to 2 times a day for a month.

For restless sleep, general weakness, or those suffering from neurasthenia, pour a teaspoon of verbena herb into a glass of boiling water, then leave for an hour, take small sips throughout the day.

Good effect from dry borage leaves, pour 2 tablespoons of boiling water, leave, strain, add sugar and drink during the day, treat for a month

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3. Obsessive states