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When children turn 5–6 years old, their baby teeth begin to be replaced by molars., and the order of eruption of permanent teeth and the symptoms that arise during this period coincide in almost all babies. However, there are still some differences, so you can and should prepare for such a difficult period.

How are permanent teeth different from baby teeth?

After a change in bite, the rules of oral care also change, since permanent and temporary teeth are very different from each other:

• The indigenous ones are denser and have a high degree of mineralization.
• Baby teeth are much whiter than permanent teeth. The enamel of molars, canines or molars is naturally light yellow.
• The pulp (bundle of nerve endings) in permanent teeth is more developed, which is why the walls of the hard tissue are much thinner.
• In a young child, the dentofacial apparatus has a less developed root system; after a change in bite, it becomes stronger.
• Even the appearance of baby teeth is smaller. Babies' jaws are not yet fully developed, so a standard row simply wouldn't fit.
• There are more permanent teeth. In adolescence, sixes begin to form, which young children do not have.

At what age do molars begin to emerge in children?

Typically, the first molars appear in children aged 5–6 years., but sometimes the primary lower incisors fall out in four-year-old children or even in younger children. In pediatric dentistry, they usually do not indicate the exact timing of changing the dentition, since each child is individual. For some, the primary incisors begin to fall out immediately after the complete formation of the temporary bite; for others, even in grades 2–3, they still do not have a single permanent tooth.

The last temporary molars are replaced at the age of 12–13 years. The period when children start teething six begins only after 14 years. These premolars no longer have milk predecessors.

There is another group of teeth that comes out later than the others. They are popularly known as wisdom teeth; dentists prefer to call them figure eights. They grow up at 18 years of age and later. There are cases where third molars begin to appear only after 30 years. This phenomenon cannot be called a pathology, just like cases when the figure eights do not cut through at all.

The order and timing of the eruption of molars: table and diagram

First, the child’s teeth change according to the same pattern in which they are cut in newborns. Only at 14–15 years will additional molars grow, which were not there during the temporary dentition.

The table below shows the timing of the eruption of permanent teeth in children. You should not rely exactly on the indicated age; the period of mixed dentition may pass much faster or be prolonged.

The age at which children's teeth begin to grow may be different, but the order in which permanent teeth erupt is almost always the same as in the table. Only in rare cases does everything happen in a different sequence.

Scheme of eruption of permanent teeth in children:

Symptoms of eruption of molars

If you have the following signs, you should prepare for a bite change:

Temperature during molar teething in children

Often the appearance of molars in children is accompanied by fever, but it should not rise above 38°Cand last longer than four days. If the fever lasts longer than several days, is accompanied by a runny nose (profuse and opaque), dry and frequent cough, you need to show the baby to a pediatrician. Such symptoms indicate an infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract, which often develops during teething due to the increasing vulnerability of the body.

How to relieve unpleasant symptoms when teething

Toothache is an extremely unpleasant symptom even for an adult, not to mention children. Teething is accompanied not only by discomfort, but also by general malaise, so it is better to find out in advance at what age children’s molars come in and prepare for this period.

How to relieve symptoms:

What problems may arise during the period of teeth change?

Many problems can arise when children lose their molars. The most common complications include:

• Lack of permanent teeth.
• Growth of a permanent tooth before the loss of a temporary one.
• Pain in a molar tooth.
• Molar tooth loss.

For every case, dentists have a solution; you just need to detect the problem in time and seek help. The last two phenomena arise due to low mineralization of hard tissue, and such anomalies appear regardless of how old the molars are.

New teeth are always very vulnerable in the first few weeks after formation. If you pay little attention to oral care, caries will quickly form on permanent incisors, canines and premolars. Physical impact on hard tissues during this period also leads to a lot of consequences.

Why does the molar not grow for a long time after a baby tooth falls out?

As soon as a child’s primary incisor, canine or molar falls out, it is usually possible to feel the molar on the gum. Even if this is not the case, it should appear within a week. If there is no seal, it means that the baby tooth fell out too early. Many children loosen their teeth, and sometimes parents themselves take part in pulling them out.

In the worst case, such a symptom may indicate adentia. This pathology is extremely rare; it is caused by a serious violation of mineralization even in fetal age. Sometimes the disease appears during life due to infectious diseases. The problem is easily solved by prosthetics.

Another cause of the disorder may be a physiological delay in tissue growth. With this pathology, the eruption of all permanent teeth ends much later than usual. If the dentist finds such a defect, he will recommend making a removable denture. If you do not take advice, the permanent incisors and canines will grow crooked.

What are the dangers of growing molars before baby teeth fall out?

Typically, the growth of a molar tooth leads to the loosening of a primary tooth, but there are exceptions. It is possible to understand that the bite is changing incorrectly if all the signs of teething that were mentioned earlier are present, not accompanied by loosening of the primary incisors or canines.

This problem when a permanent tooth grows can lead to a number of problems:

How to care for your mouth during a change in bite

It is necessary to teach a child to take care of the oral cavity from a very early age. By the time the bite changes, he should already be able to use a brush and paste. During the germination of molars, other recommendations must be followed:

• It is better to use pastes with increased amounts of calcium and fluoride.
• Make sure your child regularly uses antiseptic mouth rinses.
• It is worth limiting the amount of sugar your child consumes, as it leads to the development of caries. When children's molars are just cutting in and have not yet had time to get stronger, the disease can develop in just a few weeks.
• Include more fruits, vegetables, and dairy products in your diet. All of them have a positive effect on oral health.
• Do not limit your child to hard foods; they massage the gums and improve the growth of hard tissue.
• Consult with your pediatrician and together with him select a complex with a high content of vitamin D, which improves the absorption of calcium.
• Try to show your baby to the dentist for the first time no later than 3–4 years old. When the first molars begin to emerge, the child should no longer be afraid of the dental office, since he will have to visit a specialist very often.

The health of your child’s baby teeth should not be left to chance, and certainly not ignored when a permanent bite begins to form.

Chewing teeth are those teeth that are located further than the incisors (front teeth) and canines; in dentistry they are called premolars and molars. People also often call them posterior or radical. Chewing teeth, both baby and permanent, can cause a lot of trouble for parents and children when they erupt.

Types of chewing teeth

There are only 8 primary chewing teeth, 4 on each jaw, 2 on each side. Officially, the pair of back teeth is called the first and second molars. Compared to permanent teeth, they are smaller and also have thinner enamel, increased fragility and a greater risk of damage.

Scheme of baby teeth eruption

After the growth of the baby tooth is completed, a period of physiological rest begins, lasting about three years. Then the roots begin to shorten, dissolve, and the tooth becomes mobile and falls out. A permanent one grows in its place.

The permanent chewing teeth are called premolars and molars. Counting from the middle of the jaw, premolars are the fourth and fifth, and molars are the sixth, seventh and eighth.

Scheme of eruption of permanent teeth

Chewing teeth are called molars because of their shape. Premolars are also called small molars. First and second molars differ in root structure and crown shape. The sixth and seventh teeth of the upper jaw each have three roots, a cuboid crown and 3–4 cusps. The lower molars have 2 roots. In this case, the second molar is smaller than the first.

In total, each person has 8 premolars and 8 molars. Permanent teeth, which are the eighth in a row - wisdom teeth - do not erupt in all people. As a rule, the total number of teeth is 28 (of which 16 are chewing).

When and in what order are they cut?

Chewing teeth begin to grow in babies after a year, when the first 8 teeth - incisors - are already in place. They do not appear in a row: after the first molars (their number in the dental formula is 4), fangs (3) usually grow, and only then do the second molars (5).

The dental formula shows which teeth the child has already grown, designating each by its number from the center of the jaw.

Table: sequence and timing of eruption of first and second primary molars

It is important to remember that any sequence of eruption of baby teeth, as well as the timing of their appearance, deviating from the generally accepted ones by no more than six months, is an individual variant of the norm.

Video: timing and order of teeth appearance

Permanent molars in children begin to emerge around the age of six.. First, the first molars (6) grow, then a pair of premolars (4, 5), canines (3) and only after the canines - the second molars (7).

Table: sequence and timing of eruption of permanent premolars and molars

Age		Dental formula	Decoding
Boys	Girls
5.5–7.5 years	5.5–7.5 years	6 6	First molars
		6 6
8.5–11 years	8.5–10 years	6 4 2 1 1 2 4 6	First premolars
		6 4 2 1 1 2 4 6
8.5–12.5 years	8.5–12.0 years	6 5 4 2 1 1 2 4 5 6	Second premolars
		6 5 4 2 1 1 2 4 5 6
10.5–13.0 years	10.5–12.5 years	7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7	Second molars
		7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

The order in which permanent teeth erupt is also very arbitrary. By about 13 years of age, a child has 28 permanent teeth.

Symptoms of eruption of molars

As a rule, the eruption of primary molars occurs relatively painlessly and easily, compared with the appearance of incisors and canines. The baby may become lethargic, moody and restless for several days..

Main symptoms:

• increased temperature (usually no higher than 38 degrees);
• runny nose;
• excessive salivation;
• sleep disturbance and anxiety;
• itching and soreness of the gums;
• sometimes - indigestion and stool disorders.

It is important to remember that during the period of teething, the child’s immunity is weakened, therefore, if several alarming symptoms appear within 2-3 days, it is necessary to consult a pediatrician or dentist to rule out an infectious disease.

In most cases, the appearance of molars is accompanied only by a runny nose.

Video: Doctor Komarovsky about “dental” runny nose

The eruption of permanent chewing teeth usually does not cause a deterioration in the general condition and is therefore easily tolerated by children. But there is another problem here. During the period of mixed dentition, it sometimes happens that the baby tooth is firmly in its place, but the permanent one is already beginning to erupt. This often occurs asymptomatically and painlessly. However, if this process is not noticed in time and the baby tooth is not removed in dentistry, then the permanent one may grow uneven or will grow between the milk teeth, pushing them apart. There is a serious risk of the child developing a malocclusion.

Video: period of mixed dentition in children

How to help a child

The appearance of baby teeth can be facilitated with special silicone teethers. There are teethers filled with water; they need to be kept in the refrigerator for 20 minutes before use. Older children whose permanent teeth are cutting in are given solid foods to chew (for example, an apple or crackers). This is also necessary for the teeth to get used to the load.

Remember that children who do not yet know how to chew can only be given any foods to scratch their itchy gums in a special mesh - a nibbler.

Nibbler helps massage gums safely

Video: what not to do to relieve itchy gums

If necessary, the doctor prescribes special dental gels with an analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect, as well as general medications that relieve pain and reduce inflammation:

• gels based on lidocaine and benzocaine (for example, Kalgel and Kamistad);
• anti-inflammatory and homeopathic gels (for example, Cholisal and Traumeel S);
• painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs prescribed by a doctor, in a dosage form suitable for the child’s age (as a rule, these are paracetamol and ibuprofen, for example, Eferalgan and Nurofen).

Before using medications, be sure to consult your doctor: only he can determine a safe and effective dosage.

Photo gallery: remedies to relieve teething symptoms in children

Nibbler will not only help relieve itching of the gums, but will also teach the baby to chew. Eferalgan syrup contains paracetamol. One of the most popular ibuprofen-based remedies for pain and fever is Nurofen suspension.
Traumeel S - homeopathic anti-inflammatory drug
The pronounced analgesic effect of Kalgel lasts about half an hour
Elongated teethers are ideal for massaging the gums in the areas where the molars are erupting.

During a person’s life, 20 teeth change, and the rest (8-12) are permanent and grow as molars initially. The eruption of molars in babies is a crucial period for both children and parents. The features of this process and the timing depend on heredity and living conditions (climate, diet, quality of drinking water). Therefore, there are no clear, uniform deadlines for the eruption of molars. Most children have all 20 baby teeth by the age of three. By the age of five, children's molars begin to grow, and milk teeth are replaced by permanent ones.

How to distinguish baby teeth from permanent teeth

The structure of primary and permanent teeth is the same, but they can be distinguished by the following characteristics:

• the shade of temporary teeth is white, permanent teeth are light yellow;
• molars are denser and contain a greater degree of mineralization;
• the pulp of a baby tooth is larger, the walls of dense tissues are thin;
• permanent teeth are larger, more elongated;
• the root of temporary teeth is thin and short, unlike paired permanent teeth; when the roots of temporary molars are formed, they diverge wider, which allows a permanent rudiment to grow in the free space.

Where do teeth come from?

1. The formation and development of teeth begins in the sixth week of intrauterine development of the embryo. The source is the epithelial dental plate. By the 14th week of pregnancy, the baby's hard dental tissues of the crown and root are actively forming.
2. The first rudiments of molars appear by the fifth month of fetal life. They appear either above the future milk teeth (on the upper jaw) or below (on the lower jaw). By the time a newborn is born, the rudiments of the primary and permanent teeth of the replacement group (corresponding to temporary teeth) are almost completely formed in the tissues of the jaws.
3. Additional teeth that do not have milk predecessors are formed mainly after a year. A child's jaw is small and there is simply not enough space for all the teeth.
4. Due to the small jaw, only 20 primary teeth grow, 10 on each jaw - 4 incisors, 2 canines and 4 molars.
5. By the end of the period of changing teeth, the maxillofacial system of children approaches the size of an adult and can already accommodate a full set of teeth. On each jaw of a teenager there are 4 incisors, 2 canines, 2 small and 3 large molars.

Teeth arrangement

Each tooth in dentistry has its own serial number: for baby teeth, Roman numerals are used:

• I and II - incisors;
• III - canine;
• IV and V molars.

Adult permanent teeth are numbered from the center:

• 1 and 2 – incisors;
• 3 – fang;
• 4 and 5 – small molars;
• 6,7 and 8 - large molars (the last one - wisdom teeth - may be missing).

Sequence of appearance of permanent teeth

The time frame for replacing baby teeth with permanent ones is approximately the same. Molar teeth begin to appear from the age of 5, when the first large molars erupt. At what age do children develop outer molars? The further replacement scheme looks something like this:

1. The first to change are the central incisors on the lower jaw.
2. The upper central and lower lateral incisors appear at approximately the same time.
3. At 8-9 years of age, the upper lateral incisors change.
4. By the age of 12, small molars must be replaced.
5. At about 13 years of age, the canines are replaced.
6. From the age of 14, the second large molars, which are not among the milk teeth, erupt.
7. From the age of 15, “wisdom teeth” can appear; they often remain in the gums until old age.

Signs of molar growth

1. How to determine whether your baby will soon have molars? The imminent eruption of molars is indicated by:
2. Increasing spaces between teeth in primary dentition. The loose position is explained by the growth of the jaw.
3. Temporary teeth become loose because their roots gradually dissolve and cannot be securely attached to the jaw tissues.
4. If a baby tooth falls out, this indicates the eruption of a permanent one – it is the temporary one that is being pushed out.
5. Swelling and redness may appear on the gum where the tooth appears, and in rare cases, a cyst with clear liquid may appear.

Pain in the gum area, increased body temperature, and poor health do not accompany the eruption of molars. These signs may indicate the addition of an infection with reduced immunity, other dental and general diseases. If these signs appear, the child must be examined.

Children's adult dental problems

Emerging molars may already have dental problems, and parents should be prepared for them.

No molars

All the average periods for changing teeth have passed, but the permanent ones are still not showing. In this case, dairy products behave differently: they fall out or continue to remain in place. When consulting a dentist, a survey X-ray is taken, which clearly shows the skull with the developing molars. The reasons for growth retardation may be a hereditary predisposition (and the picture will show this) or edentia - the absence of the rudiments of adult teeth due to a violation of their formation in the prenatal period. Death due to inflammation is also possible. In such cases, prosthetics are recommended for both the child and the future adult.

My tooth hurts

Immediately upon eruption, the tooth enamel has not yet reached a normal level of mineralization. This period is dangerous due to the high risk of adult caries in children. When affected by caries, especially if deep destruction occurs, pulpitis develops, and if treatment is not timely, periodontitis develops. In such cases, the baby constantly experiences toothache, the temperature may rise, and general malaise is observed. The best way to relieve your child of toothache is a visit to the clinic. Delay leads to the spread of caries and the loss of an already permanent tooth.

If a child has had problems with caries on baby teeth, as a preventive measure, fissure sealing can be done - closing the natural deep pockets on the molars with composite materials. This procedure prevents the accumulation of food debris and plaque in the pockets, and therefore reduces the risk of infection.

Grow unevenly

If the molars erupt before the baby teeth fall out, their normal growth and alignment are disrupted. If the molar grows behind the milk tooth, this leads to malocclusion and the need for orthodontic treatment. During consultation with a dentist, the baby tooth is removed to give a chance to correct the crooked primary tooth. It is not recommended to loosen a tooth on your own (let alone pull it out).

Permanent teeth fall out

If children's molars fall out, this may indicate that the child has health problems. This situation can be caused by both oral diseases (gum inflammation, pulpitis, caries) and general diseases (diabetes mellitus, rickets, systemic connective tissue diseases). The loss of a permanent dentition tooth is a serious problem, since the restoration of the lost tooth will require serious attention. This primarily concerns the teeth of the anterior group. In order for the development of the maxillofacial system to proceed normally, the child needs a temporary prosthesis, which must be replaced as the jaw grows. And only when it is completely formed, you can begin permanent prosthetics.

Injuries to molars

Children are very mobile, so there is always a risk of various injuries. Since teeth continue to mature for several years after eruption, the risk of damage to them from a fall or impact is quite high. Doctors often see young patients with a broken tooth or a crack after a minor injury. For minor damage, correction is carried out and volume is increased with composite materials.

Many parents are interested in the question: do molars change again and whether children can grow new teeth if they lose old ones. Cases of repeated replacement of dentition in dental practice are rare as an exception. So you need to take care of all your teeth – both permanent and baby teeth, no matter how much effort it takes. Look at the photo - molars in children, as well as the stages of changing baby teeth to permanent ones - in the video.

Waiting for your baby's first milk teeth is an exciting and pleasant time, although it is accompanied by some inconveniences. However, one expectation soon gives way to another. And now mom and dad can’t wait for the baby teeth to start replacing with molars.

Features of dental care

The sooner you teach your child to take care of his mouth, the healthier his teeth will be. Both molars and baby teeth need cleaning. Moreover, the first permanent teeth especially need this, because at first the enamel is still very thin. It lacks the minerals to resist germs and tooth decay. Therefore, experts recommend using a paste containing fluoride. After each meal, it is strongly recommended to rinse your mouth with clean water. It is advisable to eat less sweets during the day, because... Sugar destroys enamel.

Sometimes, during the process of changing teeth, discomfort and itching are observed in the gums, and complaints of increased sensitivity while eating are noted. Foods containing calcium and vitamin-mineral complexes help strengthen teeth. A qualified pediatric dentist can give practical advice on relieving pain and itching, as well as prescribe vitamins.

Teeth are growing crooked: what to do?

Curvature of molars can appear literally out of the blue, even if the baby row was perfect. The most common cause of individual teeth protruding or misaligned is slow jaw growth, while the teeth themselves are growing at a normal rate. Thus, there is simply not enough space for the teeth, and they take up space above their neighbors. Another reason for curvature is the habit of sucking a finger, tongue or foreign objects (pacifiers, pens, etc.).

It is possible to determine whether a child’s oral cavity is developing correctly at about 5 years of age. Conduct a simple inspection at home and pay attention to the gaps between your teeth. If they are sufficient for the appearance of the first molars, then everything is in order. If baby teeth sit very tightly together, then it may make sense to visit an orthodontist.

Removal of a baby tooth: in what cases is it necessary?

The desire of many parents to pull out a baby tooth immediately after it begins to loosen can be explained by the desire to help the child and ease his suffering. However, this should not be done. With natural loosening, changing teeth is less painful.

There are two good reasons for surgical tooth extraction:

• when it interferes with the eruption of the molar, and this can lead to curvature;
• when there is an inflammatory process.

You can also remove a tooth if it has been loose for a long time, causing discomfort to the baby. If you have any other concerns, we recommend that you consult a specialist.

A tooth fell out: what to do?

With a normal change of teeth, the wound after tooth loss does not bleed. In this case, it is enough for the child not to eat or drink for the next 2 hours. This will prevent irritants from getting into the wound, as well as infection. To prevent infection, you can make a rinse solution: 2 tablespoons of salt per glass of water with the addition of 2-3 drops of iodine.

If the cavity in the gum is bleeding, do not be alarmed. This only indicates a rupture of thin vessels under the tooth. You can stop the bleeding by biting on a cotton swab for 5-10 minutes. If blood still flows after this, call a doctor and get tested.

Caries of primary teeth: prevention and treatment

Caries of primary teeth is a common problem in children. Many parents do not attach much importance to it, hoping that the affected tooth will soon fall out, and make a mistake. An advanced infection can cause jaw deformation, displacement of molars, as well as their damage in their infancy.

Most often, caries is detected at the age of 2-3 years, and the appearance of dark spots is influenced not only by insufficient hygiene, but even by the mother’s lifestyle during pregnancy. Poor nutrition, taking strong medications, as well as bad habits often provoke the development of caries during the baby’s intrauterine development.

Caries also often occurs in premature babies, in bottle-fed babies (especially with prolonged use of bottles), and in babies with gastrointestinal problems. The teeth of those with a sweet tooth are often affected. The plaque that remains after eating sweets quickly destroys thin enamel.

We recommend visiting a dentist immediately after the first baby teeth appear. In the future, it is necessary to examine the oral cavity at least once a year. This is the main method of prevention and timely treatment.

We have already said that from the age of 5, children begin the process of losing temporary milk teeth and gradually replacing them with permanent teeth that will last a lifetime. To a question that interests many parents: how many teeth do children change? Let us repeat - all baby teeth fall out, and permanent teeth grow in their place. The change order is the same as when they were cutting through. But parents should know that at the age of 6-7 years the child grows first permanent indigenous teeth(sixes, 6th teeth from the center) - they are for life. The last ones to fall out and be replaced with permanent ones will be baby molars in children(5th). As a rule, complete replacement ends by the age of 12-14 - this is individual, depending on the characteristics of the body and some other factors.

Features of replacing baby teeth with permanent ones

Often, during the process of replacing teeth, certain features and unusual situations are observed that become a cause for concern for parents. Let's briefly look at the most common parental questions:

1. What reactions can a child’s body have when baby teeth fall out and during the period of growth of permanent teeth?

Answer: The process of replacing teeth is virtually painless. Baby teeth fall out on their own after complete resorption of the root or are removed at home, or better yet, by a pediatric dentist, when the permanent tooth is already growing and the baby tooth has not yet fallen out. The eruption of permanent teeth is not accompanied by pain. In very rare cases, there may be a slight increase in temperature, abdominal pain, and itching of the gums. No treatment is required, but consultation with a dentist is recommended.

2. Why do paired teeth not fall out at the same time, but sometimes with a long period of time?

Answer: Firstly, this is what nature intended, and for each child individually. Secondly, it all depends on the time period of resorption of the root of a baby tooth. If baby teeth have been treated or filled, then the root resolves much more slowly, sometimes it does not resolve at all. Filled roots of baby teeth often have to be removed by a dentist because they may not fall out on their own.

3. Why does a lot of time often pass between the loss of a baby tooth and the appearance of a permanent one?

Answer: As a rule, the front teeth grow quickly. But the premolars ( baby molars) and fangs are often delayed. After a temporary tooth falls out, it may even take 4-6 months until a permanent tooth erupts in that place. Therefore, you just have to wait and get quality care. But if the period exceeds six months, and you are very worried, come to the appointment. After the examination, the doctor will decide whether it is necessary to stimulate the growth of a permanent tooth.

4. What teeth in children 8 years old should change?

Answer: By the age of eight, a child should normally have the following permanent teeth - 6th molars, 4 upper incisors and 4 lower incisors. Plus/minus six months is the norm.

5. Why it is necessary to implement treatment of caries in children what if you then have to pull out the filled roots of baby teeth?

To the question: how to treat caries of baby teeth, you will find the full answer in the section on dental caries in children. It also provides recommendations for the prevention of caries, as well as rotten teeth in children photo. Read about other dental changes in children, diseases, methods of treating them, eliminating deficiencies and pathologies in special articles. Enter the information you are interested in in the “Search on the site” section and you will find articles with answers from our qualified specialists. Or make an appointment with a pediatric dentist at the Utkinzub clinic, especially during the period of eruption of the first teeth and the replacement of temporary teeth with permanent ones in your children.