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Treatment methods after a hip fracture

Recovery after a hip fracture is the longest and requires special attention. After this fracture, it is recommended to carefully follow the doctor’s recommendations. This is an extremely severe injury, the bed rest is long, ranging from three to eight months. The rehabilitation period begins immediately after the plaster is removed.

Treatment begins with therapeutic physical education. Exercise therapy begins with breathing exercises; after three days, arm swings and active torso movements are added to the breathing exercises.

Even an experienced doctor cannot tell you how long rehabilitation lasts. A set of exercises is selected for the patient separately, taking into account the age category and general health condition.

During this period you will have to do a massage. The manipulation improves blood supply to the injured leg, strengthens the muscles, and restores the supporting function of the leg.

Exercises to restore walking skills:

If, after removing the cast, your hand swells and hurts greatly, this is not a reason to sound the alarm. Why? Applying a cast prevents normal blood flow to the injured limb. After its elimination, blood flow is gradually restored. This is painful in itself. But the unpleasant sensations are enhanced by the fact that the limb was damaged and the consequences of this are still felt.

While the blood supply is limited, the nerve endings send pain signals to the brain less actively. Over time, the pain and swelling go away. But there are situations in which their appearance is an alarming symptom.

The vessels begin to quickly fill with blood. During the time that the hand was in a horizontal position and was slightly pressed, they “were unaccustomed” to performing their direct function.

In the first hours or even days of restoration of a normal state (vertical, without constriction), the vessels learn to cope with a large blood flow. Because they have done this successfully their entire previous life, adaptation occurs quickly.

To prevent your arm from hurting and swelling after removing the cast, you need to increase the load gradually. You should not immediately take up your usual activities, especially those requiring heavy lifting. You can do some light exercises. Push-ups and pull-ups are strictly contraindicated. If the pain becomes too severe, you can take painkillers or apply topical remedies.

Also, to help the limb adapt, you need to lift it up and hold it vertically. Attention! This cannot be done for a long time, since normal blood flow is necessary for rapid tissue repair.

You can also secure your arm horizontally with a bandage or just lie down. If significant swelling and pain persist for more than a week, you should consult a doctor.

If the swelling is very severe

If the swelling is very strong even after several hours after removing the splint, you need to consult a specialist. The cause of this condition is usually constriction of blood vessels (neuro-dystrophic syndrome). Unfortunately, this symptom develops while the plaster is still in place, and this indicates that it was not applied correctly. But under the bandage it is difficult to understand what is happening to the hand.

If the doctor applied the bandage incorrectly, most likely he will not be able to determine the presence of problems. If, after removing the plaster and the swelling persists for a long time, he denies the problem, it is better to look for another doctor. VAT often occurs with displaced fractures.

A rarer case is the formation of blood clots inside the vessels. The cause of the problem is the patient's inactivity during treatment. This almost never happens if the patient is walking, and occasionally occurs with multiple fractures that are bedridden.

Signs? Blue discoloration of the limb. If it starts to turn blue, there is no need to wait until it goes away on its own. The result of a long wait is even death. The doctor should immediately perform surgery to remove the blood clots.

How to relieve swelling?

If the swelling and pain after removing the cast are not pathological, physical education, physiotherapy, and drug therapy will help against them. As already mentioned, serious load is contraindicated, but any patient can perform flexion and extension of the arm. Since this improves blood flow, pain may also increase due to a better supply of nerve endings. This is fine.

Medications

If your arm hurts and swells after the cast is removed, your doctor will usually prescribe an ointment. Tablets - only for severe pain symptoms. The ointment is applied to the hand 2-3 times a day. In order not to encounter an allergy, any product for external use is first tried on a small (healthy) area of ​​skin, and then applied to the affected area (but not on an open wound, unless the instructions indicate otherwise).

Giving injections is a painful way to relieve pain and swelling from the arm. In most cases, injections can be successfully replaced with ointments or physical therapy with medications. As a last resort - tablets.

After a radius fracture

If the cast is removed after a fracture of the radius, it is permissible to apply a sterile bandage. The bandage is either simply wrapped (not too tightly), or ointment is placed under it, and then covered with a bandage. This will prevent excessive blood flow into the damaged organ, which means that the hand will gradually adapt to normal blood supply. As a massage after such a fracture, you can simply stroke your arm. This will also relieve pain.

As a result of a fracture of the radius, not only the bone itself suffers, but also the muscles, ligaments, and blood vessels. Special techniques are used to restore them.

Essential oils that relieve pain and accelerate healing can only be used on the recommendation of a doctor in the proportion specified by him, since some of them can cause tissue burns, excessive stimulation of blood circulation, and thereby worsen the situation.

Pain after a displaced radius fracture

Displaced fractures tend to have more pain and swelling than non-displaced fractures. This is due to significant deformation of tissues (both hard and soft). The healing process is longer, but the same rules apply to it as for a non-displaced fracture: rest, light massage, use of bandages with medications, physical therapy, and seeing a doctor if symptoms are severe for more than a week.

Treating arm pain and swelling at home after cast removal

Many people are interested in whether this problem can be dealt with at home. Yes, but the doctor can prescribe physical therapy and modern medications that are more effective than folk remedies. Massage and essential oils have already been mentioned.

Effective oils after a fracture:

Pine needle extract, which you can buy at a pharmacy or make yourself by boiling it in water for 0.5-1 hour, relieves swelling well. You can add a little sea salt or a weak iodine solution to the pine needle extract and hold your hand in this mixture for 15-20 minutes.

When using essential oils, it is important not to “burn” your hand. To avoid this, they are mixed with base oils - apricot, wheat germ, sesame.

Situations in which pain and swelling of the arm after removing the cast are alarming

If the doctor initially applied the plaster incorrectly, and the fracture was displaced, the bone remains fixed in the wrong position. In this case, pain and swelling remain for a longer time than in normal situations.

An x-ray will help you find out if this is your case. Also, a good doctor is able to determine by eye and touch that the bone has not healed properly. The more time has passed since the cast was removed, the more the fracture will be overgrown with bone tissue, and the more difficult it will be to correct later. Therefore, it is important to take an x-ray in a timely manner.

Infection, which can cause pus cavities to form in the bone, is also a problem. The bone tissue cannot fully recover, and a second fracture may even occur. The doctor should prescribe antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs.

With prolonged hemarthrosis (when blood concentrates inside the joint), a person cannot fully bend and straighten the arm. To determine all these dangerous cases, you will need to consult a doctor, MRI, and x-rays. They are suspected when severe pain and swelling persist for 7-10 days after the cast is removed. For minor fractures this period is even shorter.

Additional Steps to Relieve Pain and Swelling After Arm Cast Removal

In addition to the already mentioned flexions and extensions, you need to use fine motor skills exercises. They promote blood flow throughout the arm and healing occurs faster. You need to write, sort out cereal, type on your phone or computer with your injured hand.

Warming up, for example, with warm water in a bottle, is also effective. But its temperature should not exceed 40 degrees. And if there is a suspicion of infection, warming up is contraindicated in principle.

People of all ages are susceptible to shoulder injuries due to life circumstances. The patient’s passage through the stages of treatment, rehabilitation, and recovery does not always lead to a complete recovery. The consequences of a shoulder fracture manifest themselves in various complications, which are objective and subjective.

Causes of possible complications

Treatment and consequences of a humerus fracture depend on the complexity of the injury and the location of the damage. The development of complications in bone tissue restoration is influenced by many factors.

The following rules must be followed:

• the patient's compliance with complete immobilization of the injured limb;
• attending prescribed procedures during the rehabilitation period;
• limiting loads on the shoulder area;
• following doctor's recommendations;
• performing hand development exercises;
• age category of the patient.

Elderly people are more likely to face the problem of complications due to slow regenerative processes, the presence of chronic diseases, and decreased physical activity.

If the shoulder hurts after a fracture of the humerus, a course of therapy, patients require additional diagnostics and therapy to restore lost functions of the limb.

Typical consequences of injury and methods of dealing with them

The patient receives the first signals about the presence of problems after intensive treatment during the rehabilitation period, when he begins to move from passive loads to active forms to restore shoulder function.

Symptoms of complications include:

• pain after removing the plaster cast;
• persistence of shoulder swelling;
• contracture of the shoulder joint.

Many patients experience discomfort from limited arm movements. The reason lies in the prolonged immobility of the limb. Treatment of the shoulder after a fracture by immobilization leads to atrophy of muscles and joints, which manifests itself in weakening, decreased range of motion, and tissue degradation.

Special rehabilitation measures aimed at increasing physical activity contribute to the return of the previous functional range of motion. The patient’s psychological mood is important for the successful completion of the rehabilitation course.

Pain

Pain that occurs after a fracture of the humerus often indicates additional damage to other tissue structures associated with the injured area. Attempts to move or palpate the site of bone fusion lead to intense pain and often the appearance of swelling.

Acute pain in the shoulder after a fracture of the humerus or another local area is a signal for the need for a control X-ray or a visit to the doctor. After removing the cast, it is recommended to use an orthosis to prevent re-fracture. Deficiency of vitamins, microelements, and poor nutrition cause post-traumatic osteoporosis. Elderly people are at particular risk of injury, as careless movements can lead to re-injury.

Aching pain is a manifestation of symptoms of slow blood flow to the damaged area. Massaging the sore area, areas above and below the injury, and minor physical exercises activate blood flow, delivery of nutrition, and oxygen to the problem area. Pain after a fracture of the shoulder joint goes away within 1-2 months under the influence of the processes of restoration of damaged structures.

Consultations and regular examinations minimize the risk of complications and speed up the elimination of residual discomfort after injury.

Edema

A natural reaction of the body is swelling of the arm after a shoulder fracture - the accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the injured area. Persistent swelling slows down the recovery process, limits mobility, and leads to tissue death.

Effective measures to relieve swelling:

• taking medications;
• massage treatments;
• physiotherapy;
• physiotherapy;
• traditional medicine.

Swelling of the arm after a fracture of the humerus, which persists for a long time, leads to stagnant processes, disruptions in tissue nutrition, even to amputation of the upper limb.

Cooling ointments, for example, Lyoton, Troxevasin, help when the shoulder hurts after a fracture and post-traumatic swelling persists. Baths, ointments, tinctures in combination with dosed physical exercise and massage procedures eliminate the consequences of injury.

Contracture

After limb immobilization prescribed during therapy, patients note that they cannot lift their arm after a shoulder fracture and there is a persistent restriction in the joints. The outcome of prolonged inactivity is shoulder contracture after a fracture.

The elimination of pathology is facilitated by therapeutic exercises under the supervision of a physical therapy doctor.

Main objectives of the exercises:

• relaxation of muscles of certain groups;
• improvement of tissue metabolism.

Shoulder development is carried out sequentially, with a gradual increase in physical activity, alternating passive and active exercises, if the shoulder joint hurts after a fracture. Structural contractures gradually develop in the first two months after removal of the plaster cast.

Physiotherapeutic procedures have a good effect on the structural and morphological organization of tissue cells:

• electrophoresis;
• magnetic therapy;
• phonophoresis.

Methods of mud therapy, galvanization, paraffin therapy, the use of ozokerite, and massage also effectively affect various contractures.

Medicines used:

• for cartilage destruction - chondroprotectors “Teraflex”, “Chondroguard”;
• for muscle contractures - Tizanil.

Recovery

How long the shoulder hurts after a fracture largely depends on the patient’s awareness of the rehabilitation process and the desire to achieve full recovery. The combined effects of various methods will help overcome the consequences of a shoulder fracture.

The choice of the most effective methods of rehabilitation without subsequent complications for the patient is based on accurate diagnosis, thorough research, and teamwork between the patient and the doctor.

Swelling of the arm after a fracture of the radius after removal of the cast occurs in 72% of cases.

This is due to impaired circulation in the lymphatic and blood vessels. That’s why they carry out therapeutic physical procedures.

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How long does swelling last?

A fracture of the arm and wearing a cast leads to partial muscle atrophy. After removing the bandage, the patient needs rehabilitation. A common manifestation of injury is swelling of the injured limb.

The duration of this process depends on the type of damage and the rate of bone tissue recovery.

Full recovery requires 30-60 days. The timing depends on the type of fracture (displaced, comminuted, open). Sometimes the swelling goes away after 6 months or more. For recovery, the attending physician prescribes a course of rehabilitation.

Why is this happening

Trauma with damage to the radius occurs in 20% of cases with or without displacement. Less commonly, the forearm is injured. After the cast, the patient's arm may swell. When the plaster is removed, swelling can spread to the joint and the site of injury, to the fingers or to the shoulder. This is due to the nature of the injury.

The causes of edema after a fracture of the radius are:

1. Deterioration of blood supply to the injured area.
2. The plaster crushed the limb while wearing it.
3. Damage to veins and blood vessels by a bone fragment.

Due to prolonged immobility of the limb, lymphatic fluid collects in the damaged area. The process becomes the main cause of swelling after a fracture. The accumulated fluid makes it difficult for the muscle tissue to work, and the hand is constrained in its movements. After the cast is removed, the patient's hand often gets tired with the slightest load.

The patient cannot spend a long time. The recovery period increases. If you refuse rehabilitation, complications arise:

• Bone death;
• Death of soft tissues.

When a hand injury occurs, you should follow all treatment recommendations.

Numb fingers and swelling

After removing the bandage after damage to the radius, the attending physician prescribes a number of measures to restore the functioning of the joints.

If the doctor diagnoses hand swelling not as inflammation, then the following are used:

• Exercise therapy (therapeutic physical training complex of exercises);
• Physiotherapy;
• Treatment by means.

During this period, the patient is prohibited from lifting heavy objects. The doctor recommends doing flexion and extension of the arm independently for several weeks. When the procedure is done, the patient may experience pain. The symptom after an injury intensifies with every attempt to give the arm a load. This is due to the restoration of blood supply.

The patient is referred to a course of physiotherapy. For treatment, currents are used to reduce swelling.

Frequent procedures will be:

• Magnetotherapy;
• Electrophoresis.

The doctor prescribes a massage for the injured limb. The patient undergoes medical procedures in a hospital. Massage exercises are shown by the attending physician or the session is conducted by an experienced massage therapist. To improve the condition, the patient should attend at least 15 sessions.

How long does it take to grow together?

Any injury received takes a long time to heal and brings unpleasant sensations, a fracture is no exception. It is necessary with displacement, which is aimed at developing and restoring motor functions. Development should be carried out after the doctor’s permission.

In order for the limb to regain its mobility, it is necessary to carry out physical therapy:

1. Claps both in front of you and behind your back.
2. Pour water into a basin and place your hands there, straightening and bending your palm.
3. You need to stretch your fingers, but don't overdo it.
4. Raising your arms in different directions.
5. Raising your shoulders up.
6. Exercises should be done from simple to complex.
7. First, move your fingers, bend and straighten them.
8. Then move to your wrists.
9. At the end, the load should be distributed over the entire arm.

As soon as the cast is removed from your hand, you will feel as if the hand is someone else’s. This is not surprising, because the hand was immobile for a long time and the muscles weakened, the blood supply was insufficient, so swelling appears.

To make swelling disappear, you need to do the following exercises:

1. To check if there is any strength left in your hand, squeeze your palm. Don't take on everything at once. First, on ordinary plasticine, warm it up in your hand.
2. To make the blood move faster, stretch your arms in front of you, clench your palms and turn right and left. After some time, the hand will begin to function. But you shouldn’t rotate the limb too often.
3. An ordinary tennis ball will help relieve swelling; you need to throw it at the wall and catch it, but you shouldn’t do this too quickly. You can move the ball into your palm and roll your fingers over it.

Types of damage

Displaced fractures can be either open or closed.

Fractures are dangerous because they cause bone movement that affects tissue. In cases where nerve tissue or blood vessels are damaged, after healing the limb cannot function fully.

More often, an ordinary fracture turns into a fracture of the radius. Doctors call this type of injury “typical,” and often the radius bone is damaged in the lower third (at the site of impact).

If the bone does not heal properly, arm movement will be limited. If the fall lands on a straight arm, a double fracture may occur.

Symptoms

Basically the signs are:

1. The upper limb begins to swell.
2. Painful sensations when touched.
3. The elbow joint is damaged, which means the pain intensifies.
4. Increasing pain.
5. The bones crunch when you move the radial carpus.
6. Bruises appear.
7. Joint pain.

Another symptom that a limb is broken will be its coldness, this happens due to the fact that the blood supply is disrupted. When a fracture occurs, there is a large loss of blood, which leads to loss of consciousness.

The essence of a broken diaphysis

This type of damage is rare. But it happens because a blow was made to the radial left or right side of the forearm. The symptoms are different: pain, swelling.

If the fracture is displaced, then reposition is carried out and fixed for 8-12 weeks, carrying out X-ray control.

Surgical and conservative methods

To provide first aid, specialist intervention is not required. The main task of a person, he provides assistance to the victim, is to ensure the rest of the limb and prevent damage to nearby tissues (near the fracture). No “insertion” of the joint by outsiders is performed.

If the fracture is not open, then fix the limb in a position that is more comfortable, stop the bleeding at the fracture and apply a special bandage. Take the victim to a medical facility.

At the hospital, the doctor will give you first aid. If a medical professional is on the scene, even better. Upon arrival, the doctor assesses the patient's condition and determines what measures need to be taken at this moment.

After examining the patient, the doctor secures and prevents damage to the limb. If the patient's location is a hospital, then the doctor determines whether hospitalization is necessary or not.

Conservative therapy

This is one of the old but effective techniques. The secret of this method is that the traumatologist restores bone fragments with his hands so that their position coincides with what it was before the injury.

The bones are fixed in this position and they need to remain like this until a bone callus is formed. This is the safest method, but surgical intervention is still better. Sometimes urgent reduction is required.

Surgery

Yes, there are cases when nothing will work without the intervention of doctors. If any complications occur, specialists will come to the rescue, because they will solve your problem better and more accurately.

Treatment with surgery is necessary in cases where:

1. The fracture is open.
2. Pathological fracture.
3. The referral to specialists occurred much later after the injury.
4. Displaced fracture.
5. Fracture with compression of nerves.

Doctors compare bone fragments and use plates or knitting needles as fixators. The choice of what to fix depends on the fracture.

Open fractures require the intervention of surgeons, because the infection spreads quickly and can spread throughout the body, including tissues in the arm and other parts of the body.

The time it takes for the bone to heal depends on how badly it is damaged. A fracture that has healed incorrectly is still difficult to heal.

Plaster for closed and open fractures of the radius must be worn:

1. If the broken head of the radial bone is restored - 2-3 weeks.
2. The diaphysis grows together in 8-10 weeks.
3. “Typical place” – 10 weeks.
4. The ulna heals in 10 weeks.

Wellness massage

One of the most optimal components for treatment is massage.

In order for the blood in the arm to begin to circulate well again, you need to warm up the muscles and saturate the tissue with oxygen.

After removing the plaster, you need to learn how to massage, it’s not difficult:

1. First, make (stroking) movements along the entire length of the limb.
2. Then move on to rubbing.
3. Knead your hand with your fingers, this helps tissue regeneration.
4. Vibration, you need to gently press on the limb, alternating with stroking.

Once all the courses are completed, your hand will regain its previous appearance, if everything goes according to plan. But if the bone heals incorrectly, then you cannot avoid situations when the muscles become deformed and the hand becomes ugly.

Diagnostics

Radiation diagnostic methods are the “gold standard” in the diagnosis of fractures. More often in routine practice, radiography of the limb in 2 projections is used.

An x-ray will show the presence of a fracture, its nature, the presence of fragments, the type of displacement, etc. These data play a key role in the choice of treatment tactics.

Sometimes traumatologists use computed tomography to diagnose complex injuries.

An experienced traumatologist will determine the necessary diagnostic methods depending on the general condition of the victim. The prognosis for recovery without consequences depends on the timeliness of contacting a doctor. Displaced bones are restored through repositioning.

Physiotherapy methods

Physiotherapy plays an important role in rehabilitation. With the help of procedures, the rehabilitation period is shortened and it becomes possible to avoid complications.

Procedures used:

1. Electrophoresis with calcium preparations. The essence of electrophoresis is the slow directed movement of drug particles deep into the tissue. Calcium increases bone mineral density and accelerates the healing of bone fragments;
2. Low frequency magnetic therapy. Has an analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect;
3. UHF method. The chosen technique is aimed at warming up the soft tissues. As a result, local metabolism improves, which accelerates regeneration;
4. Ultraviolet radiation. Under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, vitamin D is produced, which is necessary for better absorption of calcium.

Causes of injuries

An incomplete fracture in the area of ​​the radius is a consequence of a fall on a straight arm or injury to the hand during an accident. Injuries often occur in healthy young people during active sports and extreme sports.

According to statistics, various types of radial fractures were recorded in 15% of patients who visited a traumatologist. This problem often occurs in children during active outdoor play.

At an early age, bones heal faster, but parents have to constantly monitor the behavior of the child, who often tries to get rid of the fixing bandage.

Signs that, if they appear after a fall or severe injury, are time to go to the doctor:

• Pain in the area of ​​the wrist joint (even with mild discomfort);
• Slight swelling of the dorsum of the forearm;
• It's difficult to move the brush.

The fracture zone depends on the position of the hand at the time of the fall, and other factors in which a force was applied that exceeded the strength of the bone.

First aid

Rules of provision:

1. Immobilize the injured arm as much as possible using a splint or improvised means and a fixing bandage over the shoulder.
2. If there is severe pain, take an anesthetic and apply cold to the damaged area.
3. If there is an open wound, stop the bleeding and disinfect the wound. In case of severe bleeding, apply a tourniquet.
4. In case of a non-displaced fracture, it is necessary to prevent displacement by applying a plaster, splint or polymer fixing bandage

How long to walk in a cast and keep your arm motionless depends on several factors:

• The nature of the fracture (partial or complete);
• The location of the fracture;
• The rate of bone tissue regeneration.

It is necessary to take into account that with conservative treatment, complications are possible due to the fact that the plaster cast can strongly compress soft tissues, nerves, and blood vessels.

This is evidenced by the following symptoms:

• Swelling;
• Paleness of fingers;
• Loss of sensation in the hand.

At the first symptoms, you should consult a doctor. You should not try to remove or adjust the applied bandage.

If patients remove the bandage in case of a complete fracture without displacement, part of the bone may be displaced and it will heal incorrectly.

Injuries in children

Children playing active games are more often susceptible to sudden falls, which becomes a prerequisite for various injuries and fractures.

The children's radius is flexible and elastic, with a thicker periosteum, covered with a membrane that is thicker than in adults and has areas of tissue growth, and is well supplied with blood. It contains more organic matter.

The growth plates of the right or left arm will be the most common sites of fracture in a child. A fracture poses a risk of adverse consequences, which lead to the growth zone closing prematurely and subsequently the forearm of the injured arm will be shortened; deformation of the bone and its partial curvature are not excluded.

In children, “greenstick” fractures, in which the bone looks like a broken and slightly bent twig (hence the name), fractures of the bony protrusions at the attachment points of ligaments and muscles.

The peculiarity of a fracture in children is that the bone fragments are displaced slightly, the periosteum holds them in place.

Good blood supply helps accelerate tissue regeneration, faster callus formation and bone fusion.

In younger and middle ages, residual displacements of bone fragments self-correct due to the active growth of the bone and muscular system. But such self-correction does not occur in all cases of fractures.

Symptoms of a fracture are the same as in adults, but in addition they may:

• The temperature rises to 38 degrees;
• Increased blood pressure;
• There is pallor of the skin;
• Cold sweat may appear on the forehead.

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The radius is a long tubular bone that is located in the forearm. This arm element consists of a head and a neck. In this case, the head is located in the upper part of the radius, and the neck, being a narrowed area of ​​the radius, is located near the head from below. According to ICD - 10, a situation in which the arm hurts after a fracture of the radius is indicated by code S - 52.

There are several types of traumatic injury to the wrist bone:

• Damage to the neck of the radius. The main symptoms of the injury are pain in the elbow, inability to move the injured arm freely and swelling in the brachioradial joint;
• Head fracture, in which cartilage damage occurs. Such a traumatic injury is accompanied by hemorrhage in the joint area, limited movement, swelling, and pain that occurs when moving the arm;
• Fracture of the lower part of the radius. This type of injury is accompanied by swelling and deformation of the dorsum of the hand, loss of sensitivity and pain in the injured limb;
• Traumatic injury to the upper part of the radius, during which the lower part of the joint is displaced. Symptoms of damage include deformation, severe pain, swelling and stiffness.

When a fracture of the radius occurs, the injured person must be given first aid. When providing such assistance, the following actions must be performed:

• If a person has a closed fracture of the radius, the injured arm must be immobilized with a hard splint. Splints must be applied in such a way as to immobilize the area between the bases of the fingers and the middle of the shoulder;
• During an open fracture, it is very important to first stop the bleeding, thoroughly clean the wound, and bandage the arm with a sterile cloth. Such actions will help avoid wound infection. In order to minimize blood loss, a tourniquet should be applied to the middle of the shoulder. Next, the injured arm is fixed with a splint.

For any type of traumatic injury, after providing first aid, the victim needs to call an ambulance.

Doctors and diagnostics

If the upper extremities are damaged, you should consult a traumatologist. The medical specialist will talk with the patient, clarify the causes of the traumatic injury and palpate the sore spot. After examination, the injured person needs to undergo a series of diagnostic tests, which include:

• x-ray in 2 projections;
• computed tomography;
• magnetic resonance imaging.

Based on the examination results, the traumatologist will make a diagnosis.

Treatment

If a non-displaced fracture of the radius occurs, the injured arm will be fixed with a cast so that the bone heals in the anatomically correct position. The duration of application of a plaster splint is usually a month.

When the arm has been injured with displacement, the medical specialist, after anesthesia, will connect the fragments and then apply a plaster and splint. After a week, when the swelling of the injured limb decreases, the victim will have the cast removed and an X-ray taken. Such an examination will show whether the bones of the upper limb are healing properly.

If secondary displacement occurs, the attending physician will prescribe surgical intervention, which will be performed using the osteosynthesis technique. During the operation, the broken bone processes will be fixed using plates or knitting needles.

With proper treatment, complete recovery of the hand will occur in about 2 months. As soon as the plaster is removed, the attending physician will prescribe the following types of treatment measures:

• Drug therapy, which is carried out with the help of painkillers, chondroprotectors and vitamin complexes;
• Physiotherapy. Includes UHF, phonophoresis and ultrasound;
• Massage.

Physiotherapy

You can develop a damaged limb after an injury with the help of physical therapy. A rehabilitation doctor may recommend the following set of exercises:

• Do a warm-up during which the person should slowly raise and lower their arms. When performing the exercise, you need to rotate your hands. Warm-up is done for 3 minutes;
• First, raise and lower your right shoulder. The same actions are done for the left hand;
• Spread your upper limbs to the sides and make circular movements in the elbow area;
• Squeeze the palms of the upper limbs into fists and straighten them. When performing this exercise, you can use a special ball;
• Raise your arms up, stretch and make rotational movements with your hands.

After gymnastics, you can massage the damaged area. During the procedure, stroking, tapping, and vibration are performed. It is important to perform the massage very carefully so that there is no pain.

Folk remedies

Traditional medicine will help ease the condition of your hands after a fracture and reduce pain after removing the cast. To do this, you can use the following recipes:

• Larkspur tincture. In a clean bowl you need to put 1 tablespoon of dry crushed extract and fill it with 250 milliliters of hot boiled water. Now the resulting broth is infused for 15 minutes. When the decoction is ready, cool it, dip a clean cloth in it and apply it to the damaged area. The procedure is carried out 2 times a day;
• Comfrey ointment. To prepare it, take several comfrey roots and grind them thoroughly using a blender. A small amount of lard is added to the crushed roots of the plant. All ingredients must be placed in a clay pot, which is tightly closed with a lid and placed in a preheated oven. Cooking time is no more than 5 minutes. When the ingredients are ready, remove the pot from the oven, stir the ointment and let it cool slightly. The prepared product should be lubricated on the sore spot no more than 3 times a day;
• Eggshell. You need to take an egg, boil it and cool it. Then the egg is peeled from the shell, from which the film is removed. The peeled shells are crushed in a blender. You need to take 2 teaspoons of this mixture every day;
• Tincture of rosehip and hawthorn. Pour 500 milliliters of boiled water into a saucepan and add rose hips and hawthorn fruits to it in equal proportions (1 tablespoon each). Place the pan with the ingredients on the stove and cook for 10 minutes. After the broth is cooked, it must be infused for 15 minutes, then cooled. When the tincture is ready, you need to drink 1 glass every day. You can drink no more than 3 glasses of medicinal drink per day;
• Chamomile tea. Place a teaspoon of dry extract in a clean bowl and add a liter of boiled water. The prepared decoction should be left for 2 hours to infuse. Then the medicinal solution must be filtered and 250 milliliters can be consumed every day.

Prevention

In order to avoid fractures of the bones of the upper extremities, it is important to follow the preventive rules:

• Eat properly;
• Avoid traumatic injury whenever possible;
• Strengthen arm muscles;
• Conduct timely treatment of a history of joint diseases;
• Take a complex of vitamins.

Since hands are an important part of the human body, it is very important to monitor their condition. If, due to negligence or an accident, damage to the upper extremities occurs, including a fracture of the radius, it is important to promptly seek medical help and follow all recommendations of a medical specialist.

Bibliography

• Zabolotnykh, Inga Ivanovna Joint diseases: hands. for doctors / I. I. Zabolotnykh. - St. Petersburg. : SpetsLit, 2005 (SUE Type. Science). - 220 s. ISBN 5-299-00293-9
• Evdokimenko, Pavel Valerievich Arthritis [Text]: getting rid of joint pain: [causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment methods, medications, therapeutic exercises, herbal medicine, diet: recommendations from an experienced specialist: 16+] / [Evdokimenko P.V.]. - 3rd ed., revised. - M: Peace and Education, 2015. - 255 p. ISBN 978-5-94666-632-9
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• Borshchenko Igor How to get rid of pain in the joints of the hands [Borschenko I.]. - M: Astrel: Metaphor, 2012, -130s ISBN: 978-5-271-38841-5

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