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Pain in the larynx and below the Adam's apple is possible for various reasons. It is impossible to ignore this situation, because complications after some diseases can be serious. It is dangerous to engage in self-medication, because it is possible to provoke the development of pathogenic flora or complications. If there are discomfort in the region of the Adam's apple or higher, then you should consult a doctor. This could be the start of a bacterial infection.

Why can there be a sore throat?

The reasons that can cause pain in the larynx are very diverse. Nature can be

• viral;
• bacterial;
• infectious;
• allergic. With allergic sinusitis, mucus passes through the nasopharynx, causing inflammation inside;
• mechanical, i.e., pain, including when pressed, are the result of injury, especially the Adam's apple.

Wrong lifestyle can also be the reason for the occurrence of such sensations. Alcohol and smoking change the body gradually, creating grounds for dryness, itching, which eventually turn into pain.

If we talk about viruses, then it can be the flu and more complex diseases, such as mononucleosis.

Bacterial causes are associated with the condition of the gums, the presence of streptococcus in the larynx, the specific pathogen Arcanobacterium haemolyticum. The pain in the larynx in this case differs in that it grows gradually. If the pain appeared suddenly, then it is either a virus or an infection. Before you can do anything about pain, you need to establish the source. If you begin to treat without this information, then there will be no result.

Types of pain

Pain and discomfort in the larynx or Adam's apple may differ in different ways:

• by nature - perspiration, when pressed, when swallowed, aching, paroxysmal;
• by duration - constant or variable;
• by intensity - at the same level or increasing with time;
• by location - to the right or left of the spinal column, above the Adam's apple or below.

Depending on the characteristics that the patient describes at the doctor's appointment, and after examining the ENT organs, the specialist can conclude what caused it. If the information is not enough, the patient will be sent for testing. They should be done immediately, until the picture of the disease has changed due to the treatment started.

Throat injury

In everyday life, situations often occur that provoke discomfort when swallowing. These options include:

Such reasons indicate the need for a different restoration of the tissues of the nasopharynx and oral cavity.

Attention! If the larynx hurts a few hours after an unsuccessful fall or stumbling on an object, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Specific Causes

Rare, but possible cases include variants of diseases that can cause problems with the throat or in the region of the Adam's apple. It is not known why, but chronic fatigue syndrome can lead to such a consequence. The larynx hurts almost constantly, but the nature of the pain can change. In addition, there will be symptoms:

• dizziness;
• migraine;
• fatigue;
• apathy;
• dryness in the throat;
• loss of voice.

The neurological cause of the disease requires that an atmosphere favorable for the recovery of the body be created. If stress at work, then you should change it for the sake of your own health.

Swine flu can affect the laryngeal structures. The tonsils are usually affected on the right side. Many perceive information about this disease with horror, although it is perfectly treated with antiviral drugs. In the field of correcting a person's condition when acquiring non-standard viruses, medicine has made significant progress in the last decade.

Meets in medical practice and infectious mononucleosis. It is typical for adolescence, when immunity is weakened due to the active growth of a person. Within 2-3 weeks, the patient feels chills, fever, cough. He notes that the larynx hurts when swallowing. In other cases, she practically does not bother. Acquiring this diagnosis is quite easy. If the carrier of the infection through saliva (during kissing) passes it on to another person whose protective functions of the body are weakened, then mononucleosis will develop. On the planet, about 90% of people have gone through this diagnosis.

It is impossible to exclude the appearance of neoplasms. Oncological diseases are becoming more common. This is the response of the human body to the modern aggressive environment. According to statistics, smokers are more likely to have problems for this reason.

Endocrine disorders, when the thyroid gland increases, can also give pain symptoms. You can determine them with the help of analyzes and checking the size and condition of the thyroid gland using ultrasound.

Methods of treatment

Depending on the reasons that led to the appearance of unpleasant and painful sensations, the doctor will recommend various drugs and perform various manipulations. Among them:

There are methods based on treatment with the help of cryotechnologies, i.e. freezing, as well as with the help of leeches, which are installed on opposite sides of the Adam's apple.

Attention! If the cause is a poor condition of the oral cavity, it is necessary to carry out sanitation and restoration of the gums. Therefore, in such a situation, oak bark, infusions of mint, chamomile, special gels for gums, chlorhexidine are indicated.

Chlorhexidine rinses are indicated in almost all cases. They need to be done every half hour. In the case when excessive dryness appears, stop for a while.

Those who have health problems due to smoking or drinking alcohol need to urgently eliminate these habits.

What should be considered during treatment?

Regardless of whether pain occurs to the right or left of the Adam's apple, you should pay attention to the following symptoms:

• the appearance of redness and spots on the face or body. This may indicate that some other disease has joined or an allergic reaction is taking place, so the treatment regimen needs to be changed;
• increased pain after the start of the fight against it. This may be the result of an incorrect doctor's appointment, an inaccurate diagnosis, or poor-quality implementation of the issued medical recommendations;
• persons with chronic diseases, allergies, should talk about this to the otorhinolaryngologist. Otherwise, you can cause their exacerbation. It can be a threat to a person's life.

Attention! It is impossible to make new prescriptions of drugs on your own if you feel worse.

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Unilateral sore throat when swallowing is not only an unpleasant sensation, but also a rather alarming clinical sign that absolutely every person can encounter. A wide range of predisposing factors, which in all cases have a pathological nature, can cause such a manifestation. It is noteworthy that soreness on the left and on the right side of the throat can be caused by completely different factors.

The clinical picture of the pain syndrome is often supplemented by signs of a cold ailment. They can be redness of the throat, hoarseness, fever, headache, cough and runny nose.

To establish the most likely predisposing factor, the patient is shown the passage of a whole range of diagnostic measures, which are not limited to a thorough examination of the throat.

Symptomatic treatment is carried out by conservative methods, and in some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to eliminate the etiological factor.

Etiology

A sore throat on the one hand can be for a variety of reasons, but in the vast majority of cases this occurs against the background of a cold. The localization of pain sensations on only one side indicates that the pathological process has not reached the degree of progression at which it can spread to the entire throat.

In addition, we should not forget that a sore throat during swallowing can be left or right with other ailments. In such cases, the focus of an unpleasant symptom can provide a lot of information regarding the provoking factor.

Thus, soreness in the throat when swallowing on the left side can be due to such ailments:

• otitis and pharyngitis;
• dental problems, such as caries;
• acute lymphadenitis - in this case, the infection affects the lymph nodes, and in the absence of therapy, the disease can go to the tonsils;
• chickenpox and scarlet fever;
• rubella and measles;
• pathological influence of pathogens, in particular streptococci;
• unilateral angina;
• aphthous stomatitis, while ulcers form in the oral cavity and tonsils;
• malignant or benign neoplasms in the head, larynx or tongue;
• the formation of an abscess of the epiglottis on the left side.

In addition, pain in the throat on the left when swallowing is caused by surgical interventions on the thyroid gland, as well as injury by a foreign object, which is often fish bones.

Predisposing factors leading to the localization of pain on the right side of the throat when swallowing can be represented by:

• Eagle syndrome or stylohyoid syndrome;
• diphtheria and whooping cough;
• mononucleosis of an infectious nature;
• acute course or exacerbation of the chronic form of pharyngitis;
• angina;
• tuberculosis;
• acute unilateral tonsillitis;
• various neoplasms in the cervical vertebra;
• meningitis;
• laryngeal angina;
• lingual tonsil;
• neuralgia of the glossopharyngeal nerve;
• chondroperichondritis of the larynx;
• osteochondrosis of the cervical spine;
• the formation of a goiter on the right side of the thyroid gland;
• vitamin deficiency.

It is worth noting that pain on the one hand can also be caused by gastroenterological diseases, in which there is a reflux of acidic gastric contents into the esophagus, as well as overstrain of the muscles of the larynx.

Symptoms

In the vast majority of cases, if the throat hurts on one side during swallowing, then this is only the first clinical sign of one of the above ailments. This means that against its background, the most diverse symptom complex, characteristic of one or another provoking factor, can develop.

The most common additional symptoms are:

• redness of the throat - while patients complain that the throat hurts on one side and it hurts to swallow;
• increase in body temperature;
• an increase in the volume of lymph nodes in the cervical and submandibular region;
• sensation that leads to a violation of the swallowing process and problems with the promotion of food;
• fetid odor from the mouth;
• the appearance of plaque on the throat and tonsils;
• hoarseness of voice;
• the spread of pain to the ears, neck and jaw;
• nasal congestion and runny nose;
• cough and sore throat;
• labored breathing;
• red, yellow or white coating on the tonsils;
• headaches and dizziness;
• weakness and weakness;
• muscle pain;
• and throat;
• discomfort and burning in the throat;
• strong thirst;
• body aches;
• abdominal pain and bouts of nausea, ending in vomiting;
• the appearance of a specific rash on the body - indicates that the reason why it is difficult for a person to swallow saliva or food is pathogenic bacteria.

The above symptoms are only the main manifestations that may accompany pain when swallowing on one side. Depending on which ailment served as the source of the main symptom, the clinical picture will be supplemented by other symptoms.

Diagnostics

In cases where it is very painful to swallow, it is necessary to go for qualified help to an otolaryngologist as soon as possible. Such a doctor will carry out primary diagnostic measures, prescribe general laboratory and instrumental examinations, and, if necessary, refer the patient for consultations to other clinicians.

First of all, the doctor must:

• get acquainted with the patient's medical history and life history - to search for both chronic pathological causes of the main symptom, and sources not related to the course of any disease;
• to carry out a thorough examination of the throat, tonsils and larynx using special instruments. This includes pharyngoscopy and laryngoscopy. In addition, palpation of the cervical and submandibular lymph nodes is necessary;
• conduct a detailed survey of the patient - to find out the first time of manifestation that the tonsil hurts on one side, as well as the presence and severity of additional symptoms.

In addition, at the stage of establishing a preliminary diagnosis, the following manipulations are carried out:

• general clinical blood test - to search for signs of an inflammatory or infectious process;
• blood biochemistry;
• general analysis of urine;
• microscopic examination of feces;
• bacterial culture of urine and feces;
• taking a swab from the throat for microflora and sensitivity to antibiotics;
• Ultrasound and radiography;
• CT and MRI.

After that, if the factor of why the sore throat has not been established, the patient may be referred for additional examinations to such specialists:

• neurologist;
• pediatrician;
• gastroenterologist;
• endocrinologist;
• dentist;
• infectious disease specialist;
• oncologist.

Depending on which clinician the patient gets to, he will need to undergo specific laboratory tests and instrumental examinations.

Treatment

To stop only pain on one side of the throat, apply:

• local anesthetics, which may differ in pharmacological form. They can be sprays and lozenges, lozenges and rinse solutions;
• folk remedies, which involve the preparation of healing decoctions for rinsing or ingestion at home.

Pain when swallowing can be eliminated with the help of such medicinal herbs and plants:

• linden and figs;
• raspberries and rose hips;
• mint and lemon balm;
• chamomile and calendula;
• onion juice and garlic;
• sage and eucalyptus;
• blackcurrant and beetroot juice.

In parallel with the neutralization of pain, the treatment of the disease is carried out, which provoked the swelling and sore throat when swallowing on one side. As a treatment, you can use:

• antiseptic and antibacterial drugs - for infectious diseases;
• minimally invasive surgery - to open abscesses or remove a foreign object;
• physiotherapy procedures - if the cause is a cold pathology. Often they are aimed at warming the throat;
• diet therapy - if the disease of the gastrointestinal tract acted as a provocateur;
• surgical intervention - in the formation of benign tumors;
• chemotherapy and laser treatment - if the inability to swallow without pain is caused by oncology.

It is worth noting that the most sparing methods of therapy are selected for children and women in position.

Prevention and prognosis

In order not to have a sore throat on the one hand, you should adhere to the following general preventive rules:

• completely abandon bad habits;
• eat right and balanced;
• prevent hypothermia of the body;
• observe a rational mode of work and rest;
• avoid getting foreign objects into the throat, as well as overstraining the vocal cords;
• timely treat diseases of the upper respiratory tract and prevent their transition to a chronic form;
• several times a year to undergo a complete examination in a medical institution, with a mandatory visit to an otolaryngologist, gastroenterologist, endocrinologist, neurologist and other clinicians.

In the vast majority of cases, pain in one part of the throat when swallowing carries a favorable prognosis. Ignoring such a symptom can lead not only to a decrease in the quality of life of a person, but also to a lack of nutrition and the development of a depressive state. Also, one should not forget that each etiological factor, if left untreated, will lead to the development of complications.

Perspiration and excruciating pain in the throat are frequent complaints in the dank autumn season. It is worth going outside without a scarf, getting caught in the cold rain or taking a sip of cold lemonade, and the fire in the throat is right there. How to quickly cure a sore throat so that the infection does not sink lower and complicate the situation?

There can be several reasons for a sore throat. Therefore, before starting treatment, it is necessary to consult a doctor. In the event that you are sure that your throat hurts due to a common cold, you can try proven, safe methods.

1. Dry heat

Wrap a wool scarf around your throat or wear a collared sweater. Feet should also be kept warm.

2. Rinse

This is a very effective way to get rid of irritation of the mucous membrane of the throat. the microbes that cause inflammation are washed off, and the components included in the solutions or decoctions help to soothe the inflamed areas. You need to gargle about once an hour (but at least 5-6 times a day) with antiseptics bought at a pharmacy, warm herbal infusions with sage, chamomile, eucalyptus, as well as a solution of salt or soda (1 teaspoon per glass of water). The procedure should last about 5 minutes and be carried out half an hour before meals.

3. Inhalation

The easiest way to make an inhalation at home is to breathe over the steam of potatoes boiled in uniforms or a soda solution. Decoctions, infusions of medicinal herbs also act effectively against microbes: chamomile, calendula, eucalyptus leaves. If you do not have an inhaler, the procedure can be carried out over a cup or small saucepan, covering your head with a towel. The duration of the treatment session is 5-7 minutes. However, be careful - inhalations should not be done if you have a high temperature!

4. Lozenges

Today, there are many over-the-counter drugs in pharmacies that help with sore throats. Among them are menthol lozenges. They, of course, cool and soften the throat, relieving pain, but they do not have a healing effect. Much more effective are lozenges containing components that damage bacteria and viruses - the root cause of malaise. For example, Trachisan lozenges. They include three active components (topical antibiotic - acts only locally (!), antiseptic and anesthetic). Due to this, the drug has a wide spectrum of action: it actively destroys microbes, some viruses and fungi, eliminates pain. At the same time, Trachisan works only locally. It is shown under such

Pain in the front of the neck often cause inconvenience to patients with various pathologies. Due to the fact that this part of the body contains a large number of structures, each of which can lead to the above pains, it is sometimes difficult to determine their true cause.

In this case, special attention should be paid to timely and complete diagnosis, since under the guise of a relatively harmless disease, a much more serious illness can be hidden that can lead to the patient's disability or even death.

Treatment should be prescribed in accordance with the final diagnosis. treatment mode ( inpatient or outpatient) is determined by the type of disease and its severity. Self-treatment with traditional medicine is welcome only if it does not adversely affect the main traditional treatment. This implies that any folk prescription that the patient is going to use should be known to the attending physician.

What is in the front of the neck?

The neck is one of the most anatomically complex parts of the body. It consists of numerous nerves, blood vessels, muscles, fascia, ligaments, as well as organs of the respiratory and digestive systems. From above, the neck borders on the head, and below - on the chest. The border between the neck and head is a line drawn through the lower edges of the lower jaw, the top of the mastoid processes ( located behind the auricles) and external occipital protuberance. The border between the neck and the chest is a line drawn through the jugular notch of the sternum, clavicle, acromial processes of the scapulae and the spinous process of the VII cervical vertebra.

Anatomically, the surface of the neck is divided into the following areas:

• front;
• back;
• lateral ( lateral);
• region of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

The above anatomical division of the neck surface into regions is used mainly in narrow circles ( medical conferences, symposiums, reports, etc.) and is important in medical manipulations. In practice, if the patient says that he is experiencing pain in the anterior part of the neck, this may mean that in fact the pain is localized in the anterior, sternocleidomastoid or lateral region of the neck. In connection with this fact, this article will describe all types of pain in the neck, which patients define as pain in the front of it.

The following structures are located in the front of the neck:

• pharynx;
• larynx;
• trachea;
• esophagus;
• muscles ( scalene, sternocleidomastoid, scapular-hyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, etc.);
• fascia ( );
• nerves ( wandering, sublingual, recurrent laryngeal, accessory, supraclavicular, diaphragmatic, etc.);
• blood vessels ( common carotid arteries and their branches, jugular veins with their tributaries, etc.);
• lymphatic system of the neck deep and superficial lymph nodes, thoracic lymphatic duct, etc.).

Pharynx
The pharynx is an unpaired organ and is a hollow canal 10–11 cm long, connecting the oral and nasal cavities with the esophagus and larynx. The internal space of the pharynx is divided into three sections - the nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx. From above, the pharynx extends from the base of the skull and passes into the esophagus at the level of the body of the VI-VII cervical vertebra. The function of the pharynx is to carry food from the mouth to the esophagus and air from the nasal cavity to the larynx.

Larynx
The larynx is an unpaired tubular organ located at the level of IV-VII cervical vertebrae. From above, it is connected to the laryngopharynx, and from below it passes into the trachea. Its frame consists of a system of cartilage, ligaments and membranes, the mobility of which is provided by numerous muscles. In the cavity of the larynx there is a pair of vocal cords, when the tension of which changes, a sound of different frequency is formed. Thus, the main functions of the larynx are air conduction and voice formation.

Trachea
The trachea is an unpaired tubular organ connected above with the larynx and below with the main bronchi. It consists of numerous semirings interconnected by a dense connective tissue membrane. On the back side of the trachea, where the open part of the semirings is located, there is a continuous connective tissue membrane, which borders on the anterior surface of the esophagus. The main function of the trachea is to carry air into and out of the lungs.

Esophagus
The esophagus is an unpaired tubular organ that transports the food bolus from the pharynx to the stomach. Anatomically, it is divided into three parts - cervical, thoracic and abdominal. The cervical part of the esophagus is located behind the trachea. On the cut, this organ consists of three layers - inner, middle and outer. The inner layer is covered with stratified non-keratinized epithelium, contains a large number of mucous glands and forms from 6 to 8 longitudinal folds. The middle layer consists of two layers of muscles ( circular and longitudinal), due to which the peristaltic movement of food is ensured. In addition to the muscles, the upper and lower esophageal sphincter, which opens in only one direction, make a significant contribution to ensuring the unilateral movement of food through the esophagus. The outer layer consists of adventitia - loose connective tissue.

Thyroid
The thyroid gland is an unpaired organ located in front of the trachea, slightly below the larynx. The shape of the thyroid gland resembles a butterfly and anatomically consists of two lobes and an isthmus. Its main function is to produce hormones ( thyroxine and triiodothyronine), regulating the metabolic rate in the body, and also taking an important part in the development of the nervous system. In addition, the parafollicular cells of this gland produce the hormone calcitonin, which reduces the rate of calcium leaching from bone tissue. On the back surface of this organ are from 4 to 8 parathyroid glands. The parathyroid glands produce parathyroid hormone ( parathormone), which increases the amount of calcium in the blood, flushing it out of the bones.

muscles
The muscular apparatus of the neck consists of a large number of individual muscles, which together provide head movements around all three axes, a change in the timbre of the voice, swallowing and the promotion of the food bolus. The muscles of the neck are conditionally divided into deep and superficial. Maintaining the head and neck in a certain position, as well as its movement, is provided mainly by deep muscles. The superficial muscles are also partially involved in changing the position of the head and neck, but their main task is to move the lower jaw, cartilage of the larynx and protect the neurovascular bundles from external pressure.

Fascia
The fasciae of the neck are connective tissue plates that limit certain anatomical spaces. Due to the clear delimitation of these spaces, the vessels, nerves and muscles located in them retain the correct topography and are less likely to be damaged by injuries. Moreover, the fasciae of the neck are designed to limit the inflammatory process, preventing the spread of pus to the surrounding tissues and other cavities of the body. According to Shevkunenko's classification, there are 5 main fasciae of the neck ( superficial fascia of the neck, superficial and deep plate of the own fascia of the neck, endocervical fascia and prevertebral fascia).

The superficial fascia of the neck is located in the subcutaneous tissue and surrounds it from all sides. The superficial plate of the own fascia of the neck lies deeper than the previous one and also envelops the neck from all sides. In addition to this, it forms cases for large sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. Deep plate of the internal fascia of the neck ( pretracheal plate) is located in front of the trachea and forms cases for the thyroid-hyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid and scapular-hyoid muscles. Endocervical ( intracervical) the fascia is divided into two sheets - visceral and parietal. The visceral layer surrounds the organs of the neck ( esophagus, trachea, larynx and thyroid gland). The parietal sheet in front and behind contacts with the third and fifth fascia of the neck, respectively, and on the sides forms the sheath of the neurovascular bundle of the neck. The fifth, prevertebral fascia of the neck lies the deepest and forms cases for the long muscles of the head and neck, as well as for the scalene muscles.

Nerves
In the neck area are the nerves that make up the cervical plexus ( sympathetic), motor cranial nerves ( accessory and sublingual), as well as nerves passing through the neck in transit ( nervus vagus) and give off small branches for the formation of nerve plexuses of internal organs ( esophageal plexus).

The cervical plexus consists of three types of nerves - muscular, cutaneous and diaphragmatic. Muscular nerves are motor and innervate most of the deep and superficial muscles of the neck. Cutaneous nerves provide sensory innervation and are located predominantly superficially. In particular, the cervical branch of the cervical plexus is the greater auricular nerve, the lesser occipital nerve, the supraclavicular nerve, and the transverse nerve of the neck. The phrenic nerve contains both motor and sensory nerve fibers. Motor fibers provide contractions of the diaphragm - the main muscle responsible for breathing. Sensitive fibers innervate the pericardium, pleura, diaphragmatic part of the peritoneum and the liver capsule. The vagus nerve is parasympathetic, and therefore has a corresponding effect on all the organs that it innervates.

Blood vessels
In the neck area are the most important main blood vessels. By structure and function they are divided into arterial and venous. Arterial vessels have a thick wall, withstand higher pressure, and serve to deliver oxygen-rich blood to tissues and organs. The wall of the venous vessels is thin, the pressure in the veins is low, and their task is to ensure the outflow of blood rich in carbon dioxide and metabolic products.

The largest arterial vessel of the neck is the common carotid artery. In the region of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage of the larynx, it divides into two branches - the internal and external carotid artery. The arteries of medium and small caliber include the arteries that supply the thyroid gland, larynx, esophagus, spinal cord membranes, neck muscles, etc. The largest neck vein is the paired internal jugular vein. The paired anterior and external jugular veins have a smaller caliber.

Lymphatic system of the neck
The lymphatic system of the neck is a collection of lymphatic vessels and nodes. The lymphatic bed is less voluminous than the venous bed, but it performs more specific functions. Lymph is a colorless liquid containing no red blood cells ( red blood cells), but containing a large number of lymphocytes. Its main component is the intercellular fluid, which has a different composition in healthy tissues and in those undergoing inflammatory changes. Immune cells, pathogenic microorganisms, complexes of antibodies with antigens seep into the lymphatic vessels and pollute the lymph. When the contaminated lymph reaches the lymph node, it collides with the immune filter system, which consists mainly of T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes. These cells attack foreign substances, isolating and destroying them, while enriching the body's immune memory ( the property of the immune system to react more violently and in a shorter time to the invasion of bacteria or viruses with which the body has previously been in contact). Thus, the lymphatic system is the site of the struggle of immunity with the outside world.

The lymph nodes of the neck are divided into anterior and lateral groups. Each of these groups, in turn, is subdivided into deep and superficial nodes. The lymphatic vessels of the neck transport lymph not only from the tissues of the neck, but also from the soft tissues of the head and brain.

What can cause pain in the front of the neck?

The most common cause of pain in the neck is inflammation of the anatomical structures located there. However, in some cases, pain can be caused not only by inflammation, but also by compression syndrome ( compression of soft tissues by a tumor formation, lymph nodes, dilated main veins or aneurysms). Sometimes there is a phenomenon of so-called reflected pain, when the disease of one of the internal organs is manifested not only by local pain, but also by pain in another, more distant part of the body, in particular, in the neck. Such pains can persist for a long time, since their true cause often remains unclear, which is why the correct treatment cannot be prescribed.

Pain of an inflammatory nature in the front of the neck

Inflamed structure	Name of inflammation	Mechanism of development of inflammation
Pharynx	Pharyngitis	Acute pharyngitis is most often caused by a viral or bacterial infection, in which their pathogens have a direct destructive effect on the pharyngeal mucosa. Chronic pharyngitis develops as a result of prolonged irritation of the mucous membrane of this organ with dust, chemical compounds, alcohol, and teachers, if necessary, often talk a lot and loudly.
Larynx	Laryngitis	Acute laryngitis develops with a viral or bacterial lesion of the mucous membrane of this organ. Allergic laryngitis is also acute as it poses an immediate threat to life due to asphyxia ( blockage of the airways). Chronic laryngitis develops as a result of repeated inhalation of dust, nicotine fumes, alcohol and other chemicals. Exacerbation of chronic laryngitis develops after hypothermia, stress and prolonged crying.
palatine tonsils	Tonsillitis	Inflammation of the palatine tonsils develops with almost any sore throat, since they belong to the lymphatic ring of the pharynx and are directly involved in the development of the body's immune response. As a rule, the stronger the tonsils increase, the more dangerous the pathogen is. When they become inflamed, the palatine tonsils can become so large that they begin to interfere with normal air circulation. As a result, such a complication can lead to complete asphyxia.
Lymph node	Lymphadenitis	Inflammation of one of the lymph nodes of the neck occurs in the presence of any other inflammatory focus near it. In this case, the lymph node is usually painful when palpated, since its capsule is stretched with a relatively rapid increase in its size. Enlarged and painless lymph nodes are an alarming sign, as they may indicate the growth of a malignant neoplasm in the tissues from which lymph enters it.
lymphatic vessel	Lymphangitis	Lymphangitis, as a rule, develops against the background of severe lymphadenitis with the spread of inflammation to the vessel bringing lymph. Inflammation of the lymphatic vessel leaving the lymph node develops less frequently, since the lymph flowing in it is many times cleaner.
Salivary gland	sialadenitis (particularly parotitis - inflammation of the parotid gland)	The most common cause of sialoadenitis is mechanical blockage of the salivary gland duct by a stone. Stones in the salivary glands form over a relatively long time ( months and years) when the acid-base balance of saliva changes due to dietary habits, the use of certain medications, or a genetic predisposition. A rarer, but no less relevant cause of sialadenitis is inflammation of the salivary glands when they are affected by the mumps virus.
muscles	Myositis	Inflammation of the muscles of the anterior part of the neck can develop with mechanical injury, with excessive stress on them, and less often under the influence of viruses and bacteria.
Subcutaneous adipose tissue	Cellulite	Inflammation of the subcutaneous adipose tissue almost always has an infectious nature and develops when inflammation spreads from neighboring tissues.
Skin	Dermatitis	Due to the fact that the skin is the outer shell of the body, its damage under the influence of chemical, physical and biological agents is the most frequent. In particular, inflammation of the skin occurs with burns, frostbite, lichen, herpes, allergies, etc.
Thyroid	Thyroiditis	Acute thyroiditis develops when bacteria enter from any purulent focus ( liver abscess, appendicitis, pneumonia, etc.). Subacute thyroiditis ( de Quervain) is considered the most painful and develops when the tissues of the thyroid gland are affected by the influenza virus, measles and mumps. Autoimmune thyroiditis usually develops against the background of viral hepatitis B.
Nerves	Neuritis	Inflammation of the nerves of the anterior part of the neck can be both isolated and part of the damage to the nerves of the whole body. Local neuritis develops due to injuries, infections, the spread of inflammation from neighboring tissues and when the nerve is compressed by growing cysts, aneurysms and tumors. Systemic nerve damage can develop in acute poisoning with mercury, lead, arsenic, carbon monoxide, as well as in chronic alcoholism.
Artery	Arteritis	Inflammation of the arteries is a rather rare phenomenon in medical practice. The causes of its occurrence to date have not been definitively established, however, they suggest the genetic nature and influence of certain types of bacteria and viruses. One of the private types of arteritis is giant cell arteritis ( Horton's disease), in which granulomas are formed on the inner wall of these vessels, changing the blood flow up to complete blockage.
Vein	Phlebitis	Inflammation of the venous vessels of the neck also rarely develops, mainly when the infection spreads from neighboring structures. Less often, phlebitis can develop due to an acute increase in the diameter of the veins, when the tumor formation of the mediastinum disrupts the outflow of blood from the head and neck.
hair follicles	Furuncle / carbuncle (if inflammation affects several adjacent follicles)	The most common cause of a boil is the entry into the lumen of the hair follicle or sebaceous gland of a microbe called Staphylococcus aureus. The drift of this bacterium occurs when combing and scratching, especially in conditions of poor personal hygiene. The main localization of boils and carbuncles is the back of the neck. They are also found on its anterior surface, but much less frequently.
Esophageal diverticulum	Diverticulitis	The most commonly reported esophageal diverticulum located in the neck is Zenker's diverticulum. It develops due to congenital thinning of the posterior wall of the upper esophagus. During swallowing, an increase in pressure in its cavity leads to a gradual bulging of the wall and the formation of a sac-like formation - a diverticulum. Due to the processes of fermentation and decay localized at its bottom, inflammation of its tissues periodically develops, manifested by pain when swallowing, including in the front of the neck.
Cartilages of the larynx	Perichondritis	Inflammation of the cartilage of the larynx develops mainly after prolonged intubation of the patient, due to their mechanical irritation. Radiation therapy before or after removal of a neck tumor can have a direct damaging effect on the cartilage of the larynx, causing inflammation and even necrosis ( necrosis). Less often, inflammation of these cartilages develops with measles, syphilis and tuberculosis.
Tumor formation	Inflammation is named after the tissue from which the tumor originates.	Inflammation of tumor tissues can develop during their decay, especially if the tumor is located superficially. When it decays from the external environment, microbes enter the cracks and ulcers, which damage its tissues and cause an inflammatory process.
congenital cyst	congenital cyst	In some people, due to a genetic predisposition, trauma, or infection, a volumetric liquid formation, a cyst, forms in the tissues of the neck. In most cases, cervical cysts do not show signs of growth, and therefore their clinical manifestations are minimal or completely absent. However, in some cases, the cyst can become inflamed and even suppurate due to injury, infection, etc.

Pain in the front of the neck caused by soft tissue compression

Disease	Mechanism of pain
cervical cyst	Cervical cysts, as a rule, do not have a characteristic clinical picture, since they increase extremely slowly. However, when the cyst reaches a relatively large size ( more than 2 cm in diameter), its effect on the surrounding tissues is greatly enhanced and is felt in the form of a feeling of pressure and constant aching pain.
Neck compression syndrome	Under the cervical compression syndrome is meant the compression of the nervous and vascular structures of the neck by various anatomical formations ( cervical rib, cervical vertebral bodies, spasmodic scalene muscle, etc.). Compression causes a violation of trophism and metabolic processes, due to which metabolic products accumulate at the site of compression, causing pain and even an aseptic inflammatory process.
Volume formation of the mediastinum	The mediastinum is a cavity located behind the sternum, between the lungs. In this area there is a large number of lymph nodes, which can significantly increase in volume in oncological diseases. The enlargement of the lymph nodes leads to compression of the superior vena cava, which collects blood from the entire upper part of the body. Due to the compression of this large vein, the diameter of all the superior veins increases several times. The neck and face of such a patient looks swollen and cyanotic, the sclera of the eyes are full-blooded. Such a clinical picture is described in medical sources as a Stokes collar.

Diseases that can cause referred pain in the neck are:

• acute myocardial infarction;
• perforation of gastric and duodenal ulcers;
• diaphragmatic pleurisy;
• subphrenic abscess of the liver;
• Pancoast's tumor tumor of the superior sulcus of the lung);
• Bezold's abscess ( with acute mastoiditis) and etc.

Why does my throat hurt?

Sore throats are usually a sign of a sore throat. Angina can be both bacterial and viral etiology. Less commonly, pain can be caused by chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane of the larynx and pharynx.

What structures are inflamed

With pain in the throat, there is almost always a lesion of the nasopharynx and oropharynx. In more severe cases, inflammation can spread to the larynx, vocal cords, trachea, and tonsils ( two tubal, two palatine, pharyngeal and lingual). Also, sore throat can be caused by a pharyngeal abscess and inflammation of the epiglottis.

What diseases cause a sore throat?

Diseases in which pain in the throat is noted are:

• chronic pharyngitis;
• chronic laryngitis;
• angina with diphtheria, scarlet fever, chicken pox, measles, mononucleosis, etc.;
• pharyngeal abscess;
• epiglottitis ( inflammation of the epiglottis) and etc.

Which doctor should I contact?

For sore throats, it is recommended to contact an ENT doctor or an infectious disease specialist. For its absence or inaccessibility, adults can contact a family doctor, and children - a pediatrician.

Is home treatment possible?

The decision on this issue depends directly on the cause of the disease and should not be taken by the patient, but by his attending physician only after the final diagnosis has been made. As a rule, moderate sore throats can be successfully treated at home, while using antibacterial agents in tablet form. However, if slow or negative dynamics of treatment is suspected, it is necessary to consult a doctor again and reconsider the diagnosis and prescribed treatment.

Sore throat associated with suppurative processes and complications from the respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive and nervous systems must be treated in a hospital under the supervision of medical personnel.

How to be treated at home if your throat hurts?

Basically, sore throats are associated with colds, which can be treated with both traditional medicine and alternative medicine ( folk) medicine.

Traditional medicines for inflammatory diseases of the nasopharynx are:

• antipyretics ( paracetamol, ibuprofen);
• local antiseptics ( septolete, travisil, etc.);
• topical antibiotics ( bioparox);
• drugs that thin sputum and reduce cough ( ambroxol, bromhexine, plantain syrup, etc.);
• systemic antibiotics ( augmentin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, etc.);
• vasoconstrictor nasal drops ( xylometazoline, naphthyzine, etc.).

All drugs should be prescribed exclusively by a doctor, since each medication has its own indications and contraindications.

Non-traditional drugs for inflammatory diseases of the nasopharynx are:

• raspberry tea - moderate antipyretic effect;
• gargling with a decoction of chamomile and calendula - a local antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect;
• resorption of the Kalanchoe or Aloe leaf - local anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antiseptic effect;
• inhalation of steam from freshly boiled potatoes - reducing the frequency of coughing and facilitating sputum discharge;
• steaming the legs in hot water, followed by the placement of mustard plasters on the heels ( allowed only at normal body temperature) - reduction of stagnation in the region.

Why does it hurt to swallow?

Painful swallowing occurs when a food bolus comes into contact with an inflamed pharyngeal mucosa. In addition, during swallowing, the soft palate rubs against the tongue and nasopharynx. When inflammation spreads to these structures, any touch to them can be painful.

What structures are inflamed?

Pain when swallowing can be caused by inflammation of the following structures:

• soft sky;
• nasopharynx;
• oropharynx;
• laryngopharynx;
• palatine tonsils;
• pharyngeal abscess;
• epiglottis.

What diseases hurt to swallow?

Soreness when swallowing is characteristic of purulent and necrotic tonsillitis, for abscesses ( paratonsillar and pharyngeal), as well as inflammation of the epiglottis.

Which doctor should I contact?

In this case, it is recommended to contact an ENT doctor. In its absence, you can contact an infectious disease specialist, family doctor or pediatrician if the child is sick.

Is home treatment possible?

As a rule, a severe course is characteristic of the purulent and necrotic form of angina, and therefore the inpatient treatment regimen is the most preferable. If pain when swallowing occurs with lacunar or follicular angina, then their treatment at home is allowed, but only if broad-spectrum antibiotics are prescribed from the very beginning of the disease. Abscesses are treated exclusively in a hospital, as they may require surgery. Epiglottitis is also a serious disease that can be complicated by acute airway obstruction, and therefore a patient with inflammation of the epiglottis should be under the constant supervision of medical personnel.

How to be treated at home if it hurts to swallow?

Pain when swallowing is a sign of more severe forms of angina, therefore, for their treatment, broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy is necessary to destroy the cause of inflammation - a pathogenic microbe. Symptomatic therapy involves the use of local antiseptics ( Lugol's solution, furacilin, collargol, etc.), antipyretics ( paracetamol, ibuprofen, lytic mixture of analgin with diphenhydramine), vasoconstrictor nasal drops ( naphthyzine, xylometazoline, oxymetazoline), mucolytics ( mukaltin, ambroxol, bromhexine, etc.)

In order to reduce the symptoms of the disease, traditional medicine can also be used, but only as an auxiliary treatment. The use of non-traditional medicines without antibacterial treatment poses a high risk to health. Thus, to reduce body temperature, you can use lotions with warm water on exposed parts of the body, after undressing the patient. It is definitely not recommended to wrap the patient, as this will inevitably lead to an increase in temperature, which is especially dangerous for children due to the risk of developing febrile seizures. Also, to reduce the temperature, you need to drink plenty of water, preferably in the form of warm teas with raspberries, since it is it that has a good antipyretic effect.

At normal body temperature ( 36.6 degrees) you can soar your legs and apply mustard plasters to your heels. With such procedures, the severity of edema of the inflamed parts of the pharynx decreases and local blood circulation improves. Inhalation of vapors of decoction of chamomile, sage, thyme, linden leads to liquefaction of sputum and facilitates its removal. In parallel with this, a dry cough transforms into a wet one, and its frequency also decreases.

Why do the lymph nodes in the neck hurt?

Pain in the projection of the lymph nodes are the result of a sharp increase in their size during any inflammatory or tumor process in the tissues from which the lymph enters these nodes. Their increase is a kind of response of the body's immune system to the ingestion of a foreign microorganism or virus. With an increase in the volume of the node, its capsule is stretched, and therefore the nerve endings located in it and in the thickness of the node are mechanically irritated. The irritation of these endings is transmitted to the brain, and is interpreted by it as pain sensations.

What structures are inflamed?

Pain in the region of the lymph nodes of the anterior part of the neck is caused by reactive inflammation of these nodes. Also, the inflammatory process can spread to the lymphatic vessels entering and exiting the node.

What diseases hurt the lymph nodes in the neck?

Diseases in which there is soreness of the lymph nodes in the front of the neck are:

• angina in various infectious diseases;
• mononucleosis;
• abscess ( soft tissues of the neck, paratonsillar, pharyngeal, etc.);
• mumps and other sialadenitis;
• erysipelas of the skin of the face or neck;
• deprive the scalp;
• furuncle / carbuncle;
• sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, ethmoiditis;
• carcinoma of the tonsils;
• tongue cancer;
• throat cancer;
• thyroid adenocarcinoma;
• malignant brain tumors;
• malignant tumors of the meninges of the brain;

Which doctor should I contact?

It should be borne in mind that in 95% of cases, inflammation of the lymph nodes and the pain associated with it are a sign of one of the acute inflammatory diseases of the head or neck. Also, an increase in lymph nodes is observed in malignant tumors, however, in this case, the nodes are less painful.

In connection with the foregoing, it is recommended to find out the cause that caused the enlargement of the lymph nodes. In order to do this, you should contact your family doctor, who will refer the patient for a consultation with the appropriate specialist, based on the remaining symptoms of the disease.

Specialists involved in the treatment of possible causes of lymphadenitis are:

• ENT doctor;
• neuropathologist;
• neurosurgeon;
• maxillofacial surgeon;
• dermatologist;
• hematologist;
• infectious disease specialist;
• oncologist;
• endocrinologist;
• gastrologist, etc.

Is home treatment possible?

Relief of pain in the area of ​​the lymph nodes is practically not carried out. As a rule, pain disappears as the severity of the underlying disease decreases. Thus, the decision on the possibility of treatment at home is made by a specialist in the relevant field of medicine.

How to be treated at home if the lymph nodes in the neck hurt?

If pain in the area of ​​the lymph nodes arose against the background of a cold, then home treatment should include bed rest, heavy drinking, antipyretics and, if necessary, antibiotics.

All other cases can be treated at home only with the permission of the doctor. Drug and non-drug treatment is also prescribed individually, depending on the specific disease.

Why pain and red throat?

Pain and red throat are observed in patients with acute and chronic pharyngitis. Acute pharyngitis develops with acute respiratory viral infections ( SARS). Chronic pharyngitis develops in patients whose daily activities are associated with many hours of talking in raised tones. Pharyngitis also develops as a result of chronic intoxication with vapors of alcohol, acetone, zinc, lead and other chemicals.

What structures are inflamed?

The throat is considered red when the back wall of the pharynx becomes inflamed. A more pronounced inflammatory process can easily spread to the lateral walls of the pharynx, uvula, anterior and posterior palatine arches, soft palate, tubal tonsils, palatine tonsils, lingual tonsil and pharyngeal tonsil.

It is believed that an increase in the area of ​​the inflammatory process leads to more pronounced pain. However, some pathogens, for example, the herpes simplex virus of the first type, developing on the pharyngeal mucosa ( rare localization), can cause severe pain even with a small area of ​​​​inflammation.

What diseases cause a red and sore throat?

Diseases manifested by pain and red throat are:

• runny nose with SARS ( acute respiratory viral infection);
• diphtheria;
• scarlet fever;
• herpes;
• measles;
• mononucleosis;
• flu;
• chickenpox, etc.

Which doctor should I contact?

In most cases of a red and sore throat, it will be beneficial to contact an infectious disease specialist, family doctor, or pediatrician if the child is sick.

Is home treatment possible?

This decision should only be made after the exact diagnosis is known, or at least the most severe diseases such as infectious mononucleosis, diphtheria and measles have been excluded. There are a number of tropical diseases that can manifest as severe tonsillitis. If you suspect one of them, you should find out if the patient has visited areas with a high epidemic risk or whether he has contacted patients from these regions.

Also, one should not forget that even a seasonal influenza virus can be extremely difficult and even fatal. Therefore, the severity of the disease is another criterion influencing the decision of whether home treatment is acceptable.

How to be treated at home if the throat is red and sore?

Directly, the drugs that the patient must take at home are prescribed by the doctor in each case and can be extremely diverse, aimed at a specific pathogen. The use of traditional medicine should also be coordinated with the doctor, since some plants can change the properties of drugs for the main treatment, speed up or slow down their half-life from the body, which directly affects the duration of the effect and can lead to acute drug intoxication from an overdose.

Why pain and sore throat?

Pain and sore throat are a sign of inflammation of the pharynx and adjacent structures. A large amount of biologically active substances accumulate in the focus of inflammation, which, firstly, directly irritate the nerve endings, and secondly, cause edema, which compresses the nerve endings and irritates them mechanically. Irritation of these endings is perceived by the brain as soreness or a feeling of perspiration, depending on the severity of the impulse.

What structures are inflamed?

The direct substrate of pain and sore throat is inflammation of the pharynx. Strengthening of these symptoms is observed when inflammation spreads to the region of the tonsils, soft palate, epiglottis and vocal cords.

What diseases cause pain and sore throat?

Diseases manifested by pain and sore throat are:

• flu;
• measles;
• scarlet fever;
• chicken pox;
• Infectious mononucleosis;
• SARS, etc.

Which doctor should I contact?

In most cases of pain and sore throat, the necessary treatment is prescribed by the family doctor. If, against the background of this treatment, the patient's condition does not improve in the first 3-4 days, you should change the drugs to more effective ones or consult an infectious disease specialist in order to revise the initial diagnosis. If a child is sick, then instead of an infectious disease specialist, he can be shown to a pediatrician.

Is home treatment possible?

With diphtheria, treatment at home is practically not practiced, since with this disease, firstly, there is a risk of blocking the airways with enlarged palatine tonsils, and secondly, there is a fairly high risk of spreading this infection, which is extremely dangerous from an epidemiological point of view.

With measles, treatment is exclusively inpatient due to its extremely high contagiousness ( infectiousness). Infectious mononucleosis is also easily transmitted from one patient to another. On top of that, this virus infects the liver and spleen, due to which their size increases significantly, and the function decreases. Based on the foregoing, a patient with infectious mononucleosis needs only inpatient treatment.

Other viral infections influenza, scarlet fever, adenoviruses, enteroviruses, etc.) can be treated at home for mild symptoms. However, if the condition worsens, you should immediately consult a doctor and, if necessary, be hospitalized to avoid complications.

How to be treated at home if there is pain and sore throat?

If, after contacting a doctor, the patient was allowed home treatment, this means that the risks associated with complications are minimal. Drug treatment in each case is prescribed individually, however, as a rule, the basis of treatment is bed rest, the use of antibiotics and antipyretics, if necessary. It will also be useful to drink plenty of water and use local antiseptics for the throat in the form of sprays and rinses.

Why does the neck hurt in front under the chin?

Pain under the chin usually indicates the development of an infectious and inflammatory disease that affects the tissues of this area.

The cause of pain in the chin area can be:

• paratonsillar abscess;
• sialadenitis;
• lymphadenitis.

Peritonsillar abscess
An abscess is a limited accumulation of pus in various tissues and organs, which develops as a result of the struggle of the body's immune system with pathogenic pyogenic bacteria. A paratonsillar abscess is a suppuration of tissue in the pharynx that develops as a result of the spread of infection from the palatine tonsils ( tonsils) with purulent angina.

The first stage of abscess development is characterized by the penetration of bacteria and their toxins into tissues, resulting in a nonspecific inflammatory process. Leukocytes migrate to the site of inflammation ( immune system cells), which are destroyed in the process of fighting infection, releasing various biological substances ( serotonin, histamine, tumor necrosis factor and others). All this leads to the expansion of blood vessels, swelling and soreness of inflamed tissues. In this case, the pain is sharp, stabbing or cutting, it can capture the area of ​​​​the chin, the anterior or anterolateral part of the neck. Pain is aggravated by turning the head or by touching the inflamed area.

The second stage of abscess development is characterized by the limitation of the purulent focus ( a dense capsule forms around it), which may be accompanied by a slight decrease in the intensity of pain for a while. However, if the wall of the abscess ruptures and the abscess breaks into the surrounding tissues, the pain syndrome can resume with renewed vigor. An abscess rupture in the neck tissue requires urgent surgical treatment, as it can lead to damage to large blood vessels and nerves in this area.

sialadenitis
This term refers to inflammation of the salivary glands, which develops mainly as a result of their infection. The source of infection is usually the bacterial flora of the oral cavity ( especially if the rules of personal hygiene are not observed). The penetration of bacteria into the tissue of the gland through its excretory ducts causes the development of a nonspecific inflammatory process, accompanied by swelling of the gland itself and stagnation of saliva in it. All this leads to damage to the structure of the organ, which can cause the formation of stones in the salivary ducts.

Pain in the chin area can occur as a result of inflammation of the sublingual or submandibular salivary glands. The pain is sharp, stabbing, may be accompanied by redness, swelling and swelling of the soft tissues of the chin and front of the neck. Blockage of the ducts of the salivary glands leads to a violation of the outflow of saliva, which may result in dry mouth and problems when chewing food.

Treatment consists in the use of antibacterial drugs, with the ineffectiveness of which ( that is, with the progression of infection and with the development of a purulent process in the glands) can be treated surgically.

Lymphadenitis
Lymphadenitis is an inflammation of the lymph nodes that develops as a result of the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins into them. Lymph nodes located in the chin area ( the number of which ranges from 2 to 8) collect and filter lymph from the lower lip, the skin of the chin and the tip of the tongue. With the development of an infectious process in one of these organs, pathogenic bacteria or viruses can enter the lymphatic vessels and enter the submental lymph nodes, which will lead to their inflammation and increase in size.

Inflamed lymph nodes will be palpable in the chin area as small ( pea-sized), painful formations, easily displaced under the skin. Pain will increase with pressure on the inflamed lymph nodes, as well as when the head is thrown back ( at the same time, the skin in the chin area will stretch, squeezing the inflamed tissues and causing increased pain).

Treatment consists of antibiotic or antiviral drugs ( depending on the cause of lymphadenitis). With suppuration of the lymph nodes and the spread of pus to the surrounding tissues, surgical treatment is indicated.

Why does the child's neck hurt in front?

Pain in the front of the neck in a child may be due to inflammation of the organs and tissues of this area, which can be observed in various infectious and non-infectious diseases.

The cause of pain in the front of the neck in a child may be:

• neck injury;
• parotitis;
• laryngitis;
• angina;
• erysipelas.

neck injury
Injury to the neck from a sharp or blunt object can occur during games, in PE classes at school, or in other situations. Quite often, children hide the presence of an injury, as they are afraid of being punished. The presence of marks on the neck - bruises ( when squeezed), bruises ( on impact with a blunt object), cuts or abrasions. When trying to probe the front of the neck, signs of soreness can be detected - screaming, crying, pulling back the head.

Injury to the neck can be extremely dangerous as blood vessels, nerves, or other organs in the area can be damaged. That is why when identifying signs of injury in a child, it is recommended to contact the emergency room for a more thorough diagnosis.

Parotitis ( piggy)
This is an infectious disease caused by a paramyxovirus that affects the central nervous system and various glands in the body. Mostly children and adolescents aged 3–4 to 15–16 years are ill.

Acute pain in the front of the neck with this disease may be due to damage to the parotid salivary glands, which increase significantly in size. Also, patients may complain of general weakness, fatigue, muscle pain and other symptoms of a viral infection. Quite often, there is dry mouth, pain in the ear and jaw, aggravated during conversation and chewing.

Mumps is contagious, so treatment of this disease is recommended to be carried out in an infectious diseases hospital ( however, the possibility of treatment at home in conditions of isolation of the patient is not excluded). Parotitis in boys deserves special attention, since damage to the testicles ( quite common in advanced forms of the disease) may cause infertility in the future.

Laryngitis
This term refers to inflammation of the mucous membrane of the larynx ( pertaining to the upper respiratory tract). The main causes of laryngitis in children are hypothermia ( as a result of drinking cold drinks or playing in the cold with an unprotected throat) or a long, loud cry ( while crying). The changes that develop in this case lead to swelling of the mucous membrane of the larynx and vocal cords, which is accompanied by sharp cutting pains that increase during a conversation. Parents may also note a change in the child's voice ( hoarseness or hoarseness), dry ( without sputum), excruciating cough. With the addition of an infection, body temperature may rise ( up to 38ºС and above).

Treatment of acute laryngitis can be carried out at home, but only after consultation with an otorhinolaryngologist ( ENT doctor). The main condition for treatment is a sparing regimen for the larynx, which includes silence, the exclusion of too hot or cold food, warming compresses on the neck. When an infection is attached, antibiotics may be prescribed.

If all the doctor's prescriptions are followed, the symptoms of the disease can disappear within 10 to 12 days.

Angina
Angina is an infectious disease caused by bacteria ( usually hemolytic streptococci) and characterized by an inflammatory lesion of the palatine tonsils ( tonsils). This pathology occurs mainly in childhood, due to the reduced resistance of children to various pathogenic microorganisms, as well as increased reactivity of the immune system of the child's body.

The main manifestation of the disease is a sharp, cutting pain in the throat, which is aggravated by swallowing and during a conversation. The immediate cause of pain in this case is inflammation of the mucous membrane of the pharynx, which develops as a result of the spread of bacteria and bacterial toxins. Children also show symptoms of a bacterial infection ( lethargy, tearfulness, fever up to 40ºС or more, increased heart rate, muscle pain, and so on).

Treatment consists in taking antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs. With proper treatment, the symptoms of the disease disappear within 1 to 2 weeks.

Erysipelas
This is an infectious disease caused by pyogenic streptococcus and characterized by an inflammatory lesion of the skin and subcutaneous fat of various areas of the body. In this case, the skin of the anterior part of the neck can be affected if there are skin defects in this area ( abrasions, scratches). In this case, upon contact with hemolytic streptococcus ( which can be transmitted by airborne droplets, as well as through contact with contaminated household items) the causative agent of the infection will easily penetrate through the damaged skin barrier into the deeper layers of the skin and cause the development of the inflammatory process. This will lead to severe swelling and redness of the skin in the neck or face. When touching damaged skin or when trying to turn or throw back the head, the child will experience severe, sharp pain. These symptoms will arise and develop against the background of an increase in body temperature, profuse sweating, rapid breathing and heartbeat.

The treatment is carried out with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs, which are prescribed as systemically ( orally, intravenously or intramuscularly) and locally ( applied to damaged skin).

Why does the front of the neck hurt when pressed?

Pain in the front of the neck with pressure is most often a sign of lymphadenitis, lymphangitis and purulent-inflammatory process ( paratonsillar abscess, festering cyst, etc.). Also, post-traumatic pain and erysipelas of the epidermis of the neck should not be excluded. An even rarer cause may be acute and especially subacute thyroiditis.

Lymphadenitis
Lymphadenitis is an inflammation of the lymph node that develops for a variety of reasons ( colds, inflammation of the soft tissues of the neck and head, tumor formations, etc.). The mechanism of pain in this case is the stretching of the capsule of a sharply enlarged lymph node. Superficial nodes may appear on the anterior and lateral surfaces of the neck. Pressing on them leads to a sharp flash of pain.

Lymphangitis
Lymphangitis is an inflammation of a lymphatic vessel. As a rule, lymphangitis does not develop in isolation and is always associated with an inflamed lymph node. On the skin, it appears as a red, slightly edematous strip leading to an inflamed lymph node. When pressing on this strip, pain intensifies.

Peritonsillar abscess
Peritonsillar abscess is a limited purulent inflammation of tissues located deeper than the palatine tonsils. Usually the development of this abscess is associated with a purulent sore throat that preceded it. Basically, this abscess is unilateral and is manifested by swelling of the upper neck in the region of the angle of the lower jaw. In addition to edema, there is an increase in body temperature and severe pain, especially on palpation. The patient's head is turned in the direction opposite to the abscess. This condition poses a danger to the life of the patient, so the purulent focus should be surgically eliminated.

neck injury
Neck injuries can be very diverse, but it should be noted that their evolution is two-stage or even three-stage. The first stage is pain at the very moment of injury, which depends on the nature and strength of the blow. The second stage develops after some time, when the damaged tissues swell. Due to swelling, the pain increases, so if at this moment you touch the neck, the patient will move away. The third stage involves the progression of inflammation and the addition of a microbial factor. This complication is extremely dangerous and almost always requires surgical treatment.

Erysipelas
Erysipelas is an acute infectious lesion of the skin and subcutaneous tissue by pyogenic streptococcus. The skin affected by inflammation is edematous, full-blooded and painful. When you press on it for a split second, the redness disappears, and then reappears. Also, with pressure, there is an increase in soreness. Treatment can be exclusively medical if the disease regresses on the background of antibiotics. If medical treatment is not enough, resort to surgical intervention.

Subacute and acute thyroiditis
Thyroiditis is an inflammation of the thyroid gland. One of the manifestations of this disease is pain in the anterior part of the neck, especially when pressing on its projection. In addition to the above symptoms, there are signs of thyrotoxicosis ( body condition associated with an excess of thyroid hormones). Treatment in the acute phase of the disease is most often medical and consists in the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and thyreostatics.

Why does the front of the neck hurt when moving?

Pain in the front of the neck when moving indicates damage to the nerves or the muscular apparatus. Under their defeat is meant an inflammatory process that has arisen as a result of trauma, infection, etc.

Pain in the front of the neck when moving can be due to:

• trauma;
• myositis;
• neuritis;
• paratonsillar abscess, etc.

Injury
Neck injuries can be of a different nature, but their manifestations are more or less similar. At the time of injury, the patient experiences acute local pain associated with soft tissue damage. After a few hours, edema develops, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich can be several times larger than the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe injured area. Due to edema, the patient tries not to move his neck, since each movement increases the mechanical irritation of the nerve endings, and, accordingly, pain. Treatment is most often medical. Only in severe cases resort to surgical intervention.

Myositis
Myositis is the inflammation of a muscle fiber. Its most common cause is injury to the muscle by stretching it and partially or completely breaking its fibers. Such a muscle swells and hurts when you try to stretch it, that is, when you make one specific movement. Systemic muscle inflammation can develop in some autoimmune, allergic and rheumatological diseases. In this case, pain in the neck is accompanied by pain in other parts of the body.

Neuritis
Inflammation of numerous nerves of the neck can develop with trauma, hypothermia, and also as part of the clinical picture of autoimmune diseases and heavy metal intoxication. Pain in neuritis is clearly localized and observed in the projection of the course of this nerve. Increased pain is observed when moving the neck due to a slight stretching of the stretched outer sheath of the nerve fiber.

Peritonsillar abscess

A paratonsillar abscess is a limited accumulation of pus in the soft tissues deeper than the palatine tonsils. Its development is almost always associated with a previous angina. Touching the abscess itself is extremely painful. Head movements are carried out by contraction of the deep and superficial muscles of the neck. Their contraction puts pressure on the abscess capsule, which increases the pain when moving the neck. Treatment of an abscess is exclusively surgical.

Sore throat when swallowing can provoke a variety of diseases of the larynx, pharynx or tonsils.

In addition, this condition can signal the development of dangerous infections, so if it occurs, you should contact a specialist as soon as possible.

Let us consider in more detail what to do if the larynx hurts when pressed, and what factors can cause this symptom.

Sore throat: possible causes

The larynx can hurt when swallowing for the following reasons:

1. injury(bruise) of the larynx, which provoked a tear or fracture of the cartilage. The person may experience mouth bleeding, coughing, shortness of breath, and shock.

During palpation of the skin in the larynx area, broken cartilage will be felt. This condition requires immediate treatment.

2. Burn of the mucous membrane of the larynx It can also cause severe pain when swallowing, profuse salivation, and vomiting of blood. Most often, this is caused by the accidental use of acids and alkalis (ammonia, liquids for washing dishes and baths, carbolic acid, etc.).

3. Tonsillitis often causes pain in the larynx. With this viral disease, the tonsils become very inflamed in a person. The reason for this is pathogenic bacteria that multiply rapidly.

The tonsillitis virus is transmitted through the air from a sick person to a healthy one. It must be treated with strong antibiotics.

4. Infectious mononucleosis causes not only pain when swallowing, but also chills, high fever, fever and cough. According to scientists, more than 90% of all people on the planet have had this disease at least once in their lives.

Mononucleosis is transmitted through saliva (during kissing). It usually affects adolescents with weakened immune systems. Its duration is 2-3 weeks.

5. Swine flu. It is somewhat different from ordinary influenza, as a person with this disease is affected by a special H1N1 virus. To date, this disease is effectively treated with antiviral drugs, so the prognosis after it is favorable.

6. chronic fatigue syndrome. It develops in those people who work hard in a stressful environment and accumulate negative emotions and fatigue. As a result, their body is exhausted and begins to show various symptoms, which may include sore throat, muscle pain, migraine, sleep disturbance, irritability and weakness.

It is not necessary to take painkillers or antiviral drugs in this state, since in fact the person is not sick. His problem is only in the disruption of the nervous system, so he needs to be treated with antidepressants.

7. Scarlet fever is an acute infectious disease caused by streptococcus bacteria. In this case, the person will suffer from sore throat, high fever, weakness, rash on the body and fever.

In most cases, scarlet fever is diagnosed in children between the ages of five and seven. Its treatment should be comprehensive and aimed at both reducing symptoms and suppressing the activity of the infection.

8. Chronic laryngitis. It also occurs with infections of the mucous membrane of the larynx. At first, this disease is very similar to a common sore throat, but then the patient develops shortness of breath, hoarseness, and difficulty breathing.

9. Phlegmon may develop as a complication of the flu. Its symptoms are cutting pain when swallowing, fever, chills and pain during speech. In addition, the pain syndrome can sometimes be so pronounced that it will be difficult for a person to eat.

10. Diphtheria of the larynx. It usually occurs in children. In this case, the child suffers from terrible pain and intoxication.

11. Tuberculosis of the larynx. It can develop as a complication of pulmonary tuberculosis. In this case, the patient will complain of sore throat, hoarseness and dysphagia.

12. Development oncological pathology in the throat is one of the most dangerous conditions. In this case, the person will complain of pain when swallowing, mouth bleeding, weakness, high fever and malaise.

13. Allergy can cause a sore throat when swallowing. In this case, an allergic reaction of the body usually occurs due to exposure to dust, wool, the use of an allergen product, etc.

Allergy manifests itself in the form of a severe runny nose, pain when swallowing, coughing, frequent sneezing, swelling of the face, tearing and redness of the eyes.

14. Dry indoor air It can also cause irritation and pain when swallowing.

15. Gastroesophageal reflux is a disease in which gastric juice rises up the esophagus, thus causing irritation and burning of the latter. If the processes of contraction of the sphincter are disturbed in a person, then gastric juice can also enter the larynx, irritating its mucous membrane.

16. HIV infection sometimes it can manifest itself in the form of sore throat, which are not accompanied by additional symptoms. For this reason, with such a symptom, you should consult a doctor and get tested.

17. Hit foreign object into the larynx can cause acute pain when swallowing, difficulty breathing and even suffocation. It can be a fish bone, buttons, a coin, a bead, or any other item.

If a small part is not removed from the larynx in time, it will enter the trachea and cause blockage, so it can be very difficult for a person to breathe. For this reason, small children should never be allowed to play with toys with small parts.

Additional reasons that the larynx hurts may be:

Viral flu;

ARI virus;

Varicella zoster virus;

Bacterial infection with chlamydia;

gonorrhea virus;

Mycoplasma bacterial infection.

What to do when the larynx hurts when pressed: diagnosis and treatment

As can be understood from the above, the reasons that the larynx hurts can be a variety of diseases and factors. As a result, after contacting a doctor, you need to undergo the following diagnostic procedures:

1. Throat swab.

2. Complete blood count.

3. General analysis of urine.

4. Blood test for HIV.

5. X-ray of the neck.

6. Examination of the throat.

7. Chest x-ray.

Drug treatment involves taking the following groups of drugs:

1. Lozenges (Faringosept, Gramicidin).

2. Solutions for gargling (Furacilin, Chlorhexidine).

3. Antibacterial throat sprays (Oracept, Bioparox).

4. Painkiller sprays (Lidocaine).

5. Anti-inflammatory drugs (Diclofenac, Aspirin, Paracetamol).

6. Antibacterial tablets (Geksoral).

The larynx hurts: treatment with folk remedies

The most effective folk methods for treating pain in the larynx are:

1. Gargling a sore throat with a solution of salt and iodine (for 1 cup of boiling water, 1 liter of salt and 4 drops of iodine). Rinse your throat with this remedy at least three times a day.

2. Carrying out inhalations with potatoes:

Boil a few potatoes;

Cut them open while they are still hot;

Transfer the potatoes to a deep bowl;

Breathe for a few minutes over the steam, covering your head with a towel from above.

3. Eat garlic every day, chewing a clove well in your mouth. This vegetable has a pronounced antibacterial effect, so it will get rid of the focus of infection in the throat in the shortest possible time.

4. Cinnamon Remedy:

Mix a glass of milk, a spoonful of honey and two grams of cinnamon;

Heat the mixture on fire;

Take this remedy three times a day for half a glass.

To reduce pain in the larynx and speed up the healing process, you should follow these recommendations:

1. Try to talk less so as not to irritate the mucous membrane of the larynx once again.

2. Do not eat too fatty or spicy foods that can cause pain and burning in the larynx.

3. Use special lozenges to reduce pain (it is important to know that most of them can only relieve pain, but they do not affect getting rid of the infection).

4. During the treatment period, it is better to stop smoking and drinking alcohol.

5. You should try to chew food very carefully so that large pieces of food do not injure an already sore throat.

6. It is very important not to eat too hot or cold food, as it will only increase the pain in the larynx.